June, 8, 2010 Ryazan College of Electronics

Think of some words which remind you about electricity.
ELECTRICITY

Match the word and its definition.
- A machine for producing electricity
- Energy or force that can be used to do work
- A substance able to attract iron, either natural or by means of electric current
- A flow of electricity through something or along a wire or cable
- A supply of electric current for heating, lightning, etc
- An engine or motor whose driving-wheels turned by a current of water, steam or gas
- A closed path for an electric current
current
electricity
circuit
power
generator
magnet
turbine

Click on any of the vocabulary words below to hear them pronounced and used in a sentence. Translate these sentences.
ELECTRICITY
ELECTROMAGNET
GENERATOR

Watch the cartoon and try to remember as many details as possible

The ancient Greeks knew about static electricity back
around 500 BC. They had discovered that a gold colored
material called amber could be made to attract small objects,
like bits of a feather, when the amber had been rubbed with
a piece of fur.
Ben Franklin discovered the electricity in
lightning in 1752, although nobody knows exactly how he
did his experiment. Franklin was a careful scientist, and
would have known that flying a kite in a thunderstorm could
have deadly effects,. Both the ancient Greeks
and Ben Franklin had discovered examples of naturally
occurring electricity. Their discoveries were amazing in
their time, but not really useful yet. One of the first practical
uses of electricity occurred in England in 1858, when
electricity was first used to power the lamp in a house.
Now read some information and compare it with the information from the cartoon. Is there something new for you?

Are you good at electricity? Match the objects with their symbols.
Cell, 6V battery, wire, bulb, switch, ammeter, voltmeter, ohmmeter
a b c d
e f g h

Electricity is used in homes, and also to power industry, and to provide communication and transportation. Home uses of electricity include heat and light, as well as power to run appliances and games. Factories use electricity to power the machines used to produce all kinds of goods. Communication systems that depend on electricity include telephone service, television and radio, and the Internet. There are streetcars and subways powered by electricity. Other types of transportation, such as planes and ships, depend on electricity for navigation equipment.
Read some more information and complete the following diagram.

ELECTRICITY
E
L
E
C
T
R
I
C
I
T
Y
A
P
P
L
I
C
A
T
I
O
N

Electricity occurs in 2 different forms
Static
Is stationary
E.g. Brush your hair
Current
Flows around circuit
E.g. turn on light

Match the words with the opposite meaning
to increase
to turn out (of)
closed
step-down
alternating
final
conductor
conduction
variable
disadvantage
parallel
negative
To turn into (on)
Insulator
To decrease
Direct
Initial
Opened
Step-up
Advantage
Series
Positive
Resistance
Constant

Static Electricity
Occurs with materials which are insulators
Rubbing adds or removes electrons
Object becomes charged
Like objects repel, unlike attract

Current Electricity
Electrons flow through a conductor
Negative to positive
Circuit = continuous path for electrons to flow
Needs energy supply
Energy user

Find the English equivalents in B to the Russian words in A.
A B
Выпрямитель
Обмотка
Первичный
Передавать
Нить накала
Частота
Переменный
Сопротивление
Емкость
Измерительный прибор
Клемма
Заряд
Цепь
Падение напряжения
Обрыв
Повреждение
Capacitor
Insulator
Early
To transmit
Coil
Alternation
Different
Trouble
Capacity
Insulator
Battery
Line
Voltage
Distance
Plane
trouble
Condenser
Voltage
Primary
To keep
Filament
Resistance
Direct
Function
Value
Meter
Terminal
Charge
Circuit
Trouble
Short
advantage
Rectifier
Winding
Secondary
To store
Gap
Frequency
Alternating
Resistance
Main
Current
Resistor
Short
Current
Voltage drop
Open
load

Types of Current
AC ? Alternating current ? charges continuously change direction forward and back at 60 Hz
DC ? Direct current ? charges move in one direction

Let’s have fun.
Click on the address to solve a quiz
http://www.neok12.com/quiz/ELECTR01
http://www.neok12.com/quiz/ELECTR04
http://www.neok12.com/quiz/ELECTR02
http://www.neok12.com/quiz/ELECTR05

Complete the diagram on generating electricity
COIL
OIL
GAS
GEOTHERMAL
POWER
ELECTRICITY

Compare the world electricity generation in 2002 and 2030 using the model: Generation of electricity from gas in 2030 will be higher than in 2002.

Hydroelectric power plants
Hydroelectric power plants use water flowing directly through
the turbines to power the generators.

Describe the production process and this hydroelectric power plant.

In Russia there are now 10 active power plants. This one produces 1/7
of the overall electricity outcome of Russian nuclear power plants, so it is a big one.
NUCLEAR POWER PLANT

In a nuclear power plant, nuclear reactions create heat to heat water, which turns into steam, which goes through a turbine, which spins...turning the copper armature inside the generator and generating an electric current

TIDAL POWER
There are a lot of energy in waves on the sea. But it is not easy to get it.
A wave power station needs to be able to stand really rough weather,
and yet still be able to generate power from small waves. This source
of energy is renewable – the waves will cause whether we use them or not.

SOLAR POWER
Solar power is renewable. It is used for heating houses. Solar cells make electricity from sunlight. Solar cells are expensive. Solar power isn’t much use unless you live somewhere sunny. It doesn’t cause pollution and doesn’t need fuel.

Wind Power
Wind generators use wind to turn turbines that are hooked up to a generator.
Wind power is renewable as well. It doesn’t cause pollution, doesn’t need fuel.
It is necessary to put generators them where winds are reliable.

GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
The first geothermal power station was built in Italy, and the second was in New Zealand. The centre of the Earth is about 6000 degrees Celsius - hot enough to melt rock. Even a few kilometres down, the temperature can be over 250 degrees Celsius. In general, the temperature rises one degree Celsius for every 36 metres you go down. In volcanic areas, molten rock can be very close to the surface.
Describe the work of such power station.

Find some advantages and disadvantages of different ways of generating electricity
ADVANTAGES
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- DISADVANTAGES
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