The Simple Sentence. Lecture 12

Lecture 12: “The Simple Sentence”
One-Member Sentences
Infinitival Sentences
Ellipsis
Verbless Two-Member Sentences
Idiomatic Sentences
Diagramming the sentence

What is a Simple Sentence?
Basic characteristics

1. One –member sentence
One-member sentences have no separate subject and predicate but one "main" only instead. Highly emphatic!
Nominal or "naming" sentences
Infinitival sentences
Ex:

Nominal one-member sentences:

2. Infinitival sentence:
Interrogative infinitival sentences
Why waste time? Why not stay here?
Commands and requests:
Go and do! Pass, please!
Expressing modality, emotions
Poor fellow! What a thing to have had hanging over his head all the time. = Poor fellow! What a thing had been hanging over his head all the time.

3. Ellipsis
is the type of the one-member sentence that is a shortcut in syntactic usage fixed as a form of linguistic economy.
Dialogue omissions:
Ex: Do you help him? - No, I don't. Why, didn't she?
Omission of the “there is/there are”
Too much noise today! (It is too much noise today)
Proverbs (Omission of “It is”):
No use crying over spilt milk.
No good doing such things.

4. Verbless Two-Member Sentences
Are "non-sentences", "minor" sentences or "phrases" functioning as communicative units in spite of the absence of the finite form of the verb.
OMISSION of TO BE
Next stop — the British Museum? (Is the next stop…)
Weather to be cold today? (Is the weather cold today?)
Your turn to speak. (It is your turn to speak)
They both engaged? (Are they both engaged?)

5. Idiomatic Sentences
sentences with a purely idiomatic grammatical arrangement.

Analyse the types of the simple sentence:
Holy cow!
Night.
The room to be full of children.
Bring, me, please, the book!
Why answer back?
No smoke without fire.
(At the table) – Success! Love! Freedom!
That she should have misbehaved!
9. I'm afraid I don't know when the train leaves.
Oh, you wouldn't (— You never know anything!)
10. Hope. Only Hope.

6. Diagramming the sentence:
What the video and write the process of diagramming the sentence:
1 step:
2 step:
3 step:

Video

the process of diagramming the sentence
Answer:
1 step: writing the predication (Subject+Predicate)
2 step: writing determiners (articles, adjectives, adverbs)
3 step: writing connectives (conjunctions, connective words)