English punctuation rules

1. Comma in simple sentence
To separate 3 or more items in a series.
Example:
“I saw milk, vegetables, and tuna in the fridge.”

1. Comma in simple sentence
To set off words of direct address, words that name the person being spoken to.
Example:
“Sandra, show me your essay.”

1. Comma in simple sentence
After introductory words and phrases.
Examples:
“Moreover, I believe we should keep an eye on that situation.”
“In case of an emergency, the fire crew will be called.”

1. Comma in simple sentence
Before and after an appositive.
Example:
“Our neighbors, the Smith, came for dinner last night.”

1. Comma in simple sentence
After a participle phrase at the beginning of the sentence.
Example:
“Walking home, I tried to decide what I was going to say.”

1. Comma in simple sentence
In dates between the day of the month and the year.
Example:
“The postmark read September 10, 1998, Chicago, Illinois.

1. Comma in simple sentence
In direct speech
Example:
He asked, “Where did you go?”

2. Comma in compound sentences
To separate independent clauses
Examples:
“The sky was covered with clouds, a cold wind was blowing.”
“She nodded, but he sensed a trace of lingering anxiety.”

2. Comma in compound sentences
After adverbial clauses when these come first in a sentence.
Example:
“If you are ever in London, you should visit the Houses of Parliament.”
“You should visit the Houses of Parliament if you are ever in London.”

2. Comma in compound sentences
Subordinate clause (придаточное предложение) = Subject (подлежащее) / Predicate (сказуемое)
Example:
“Where he found that bag is a mystery to me.”

2. Comma in compound sentences
Never use a comma befor that
Example:
“He said that he would never start smoking again.”

2. Comma in compound sentences
“My sister, who is from LA, came to my place.”
Простое описательное предложение про сестру: «Моя сестра, живущая в Лос-Анджелесе, приехала ко мне. Мы понимаем, о какой сестре идёт речь.

2. Comma in compound sentences
“My sister who is from LA came to my place.”
Какая именно из сестёр приехала?: «Моя сестра, та, что из Нью-Йорка, прехала ко мне.»