Legal systems of the world. Common law

The paln of the project
Legal systems of the world
Civil law
Common law in England
Law of the United States
Common law
Law of Germany
Law of the United States

1)Common Law
The English common law originated in the early Middle Ages in the King's Court (Curia Regis), a single royal court set up for most of the country at Westminster, near London. ... The common law of England was largely created in the period after the Norman Conquest of 1066.

Specifically, the law developed in England's Court of Common Pleas and other common law courts, which became also the law of the colonies settled initially under the crown of England or, later, of the United Kingdom, in North America and elsewhere; and this law as further developed after those courts in England were

English law is created in four important ways, namely legislation, case (common) law, human rights law and EU law. A fifth residual way is through custom, but this is not discussed since case law and legislation have largely incorporated custom.

Sources of English law
The case law rules of common law and equity, derived from precedent decisions. Parliamentary conventions. General customs. Books of authority.

United states
The law of the United States comprises many levels of codified and uncodified forms of law, of which the most important is the United States Constitution, which prescribes the foundation of the federal government of the United States, as well as various civil liberties.

TOP 10 MOST IMPORTANT LAWS
#8 - THE US PATRIOT ACT (2001)
#1- Civil Rights Act (1964)
TOP 8 MOST IMPORTANT LAWS.
#6 - THE RECONSTRUCTION ACT (1867)
#2 - NO CHILD LEFT BEHIND (2001)
#4- THE GI BILL OF RIGHTS (1944)
#5 - Morrill Land-Grant Act (1862)
#7 - THE PENDLETON ACT (1883)

This article provides you with some essential federal laws you should know as an American citizen.
The Social Security Act (1835) ...
Freedom of Information Act. ...
The Pendleton Act (1883) ...
The G.I. ...
The Patriot Act (2001) ...
The Civil Rights Act of 1964. ...
No Child Left Behind (2001) ...
The Privacy Act.

U.S Constitution • Laws (statutes) enacted by Congress • Rules promulgated by federal agencies • State constitution • Laws enacted by the state legislature • Rules promulgated by state agencies • City/county charters (the “constitution” for the city or county) • Local laws and ordinances • Rules promulgated by local ...

In the United States, the law is derived from five sources: constitutional law, statutory law, treaties, administrative regulations, and the common law (which includes case law).

2) Civil law
The legal history of France is commonly divided into three periods: that of the old French law (Ancien Droit), that of the Revolutionary or intermediary law (Droit révolutionnaire ou intermédiaire), and that of the Napoleonic law or Droit nouveau ('New law').

The making of law
Laws in France, as in other democratic countries, are generally proposed by the Government of the day, and must be passed by the two houses of the French Parliment, the National Assembly and the Senate.

structure
France has a dual system in place regarding its laws. One branch of the system is known as droit public, or Public law. This branch defines the principles of operation of the state and public bodies. The other branch, known as droit privé, or private law, applies to private individuals and private entities.

source
Sources of law include the Constitution, international treaties, EU law, and the national law of France. France's head of state is the directly elected President. The President is chief of the executive branch of government and presides over the cabinet (Conseil des Ministres). The Prime Minister leads the government

Germany
The law of Germany (German: das Recht Deutschlands), that being the modern German legal system (German: Deutsches Rechtssystem), is a system of civil law which is founded on the principles laid out by the Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany, though many of the most important laws, for example most regulations ...

France and Germany are two examples of countries with a civil law system. Common law systems, while they often have statutes, rely more on precedent, judicial decisions that have already been made

Structure. The Basic Law provides for a bicameral legislative structure. The Federal Parliament is the general legislature, and the Federal Council (Bundesrat) is a second chamber representing the states on the federal level. The Basic Law specifies which laws may only be passed with the assent of the Federal Council.

Germany is a democratic, federal parliamentary republic, where federal legislative power is vested in the Bundestag (the parliament of Germany) and the Bundesrat (the representative body of the Länder, Germany's regional states). ... Germany is part of the Schengen Area, and has been a member of the eurozone since 1999.

sources
There are two sources of law in Germany: statute and customary. Statute (Gesetz) - includes the constitution, the codes and any additional statutes. This also includes regulations of the Federation, the Ministries of the Federation and the states. Local by-laws and rules are not considered Gesetz