Reported Speech

Прямая речь – это речь, переданная дословно, без изменений.
Лена говорит Нине: «Я хочу обедать».
предложение, прямая речь
вводящее в прямую речь
Lena tells Nina, “I want to have dinner.”

Косвенная речь – это способ передачи чужой речи.
Лена говорит Нине, что она хочет обедать.
главное предложение придаточное изъяснительное
предложение
Lena tells Nina that she wants to have dinner.

Reported Statements
The girl says, “I love my cat very much.”
The girl
says,
“I
my
love
very
much.”
cat
The girl
says
much.”
her
that
loves
very
she
cat
The girl says that she loves her
cat very much.

He said to Lena, “I see my friends every day.”
He said to Lena (that) he saw his friends every day.

say (to)
tell
(that)
гл
He said to Lena, “I don’t see my friends every day.”
He said to Lena (that) he didn’t see his friends every day.
ВГ+not

Sequence of tenses
Согласование времён

Закон
согласования времён
Если глагол в главном предложении стоит в прошедшем времени, то и в придаточном предложении он должен стоять в одном из прошедших времён.

had
V-3/ed
V/
V-2/ed
was/were V-ing
have/has been V-ing
had been V-ing
will have been V-ing
Present
Past
Future
will would

Замена обстоятельств времени и места, указат.местоимений
(прошедшее время в главном предложении)
today – that day
tonight – that night
yesterday – the day before
tomorrow – the next day
a week ago - a week before
last year – the year before
next year- the following year
this evening – that evening
now – then
this – that
these – those
here - there
Меняются и модальные глаголы
Shall – should
Will - would
Can – could
May – might
Must – had to
Have - had

Перевод утвердительных и отрицательных предложений в косвенную речь
Утвердительные предложения вводятся в косвенной речи следующими глаголами:
admit – признавать
complain – жаловаться
decide – решить
deny – отрицать
explain – объяснять
promise – обещать
remind – напомнить
reply – ответить
warn – предупредить
think – думать, полагать
say (to)
tell

Переведите предложения из прямой речи в косвенную:
1. Ann said, “I am so happy”.
2. Tom asked, “What are you doing here?”.
3. Jim said, “I’ll come tomorrow”.
4. Alice wondered, “Is a DVD player expensive?”.
5. Father asked, “Have you finished?”.

Переведите предложения из прямой речи в косвенную:
1. She said, “My sister and I won this trip to Australia”.
2. She said, “ Olga had never been to an English-speaking country before”.
3. She said, “ We will not visit Canberra”.
4. She said, “ Canberra is the capital of Australia”.
5. She said, “ I haven’t been traveling a lot lately”.
6. She said, “ I am thinking of going to Canberra”.
7. She said, “ I have never been to Canada”.
8. She said, “ Victor has not live in Sydney very long”.

Перевод вопросительных предложений в косвенную речь
Общие и альтернативные вопросы.
Специальные вопросы.

аsk-спросить
want to know-хотеть знать
wonder-интересоваться
Questions

Reported Questions
“Can you consult me?” he says.
consult
“Can
me?”
says.
you
he
He
can
I
him
asks
consult
if
.
He asks if I can consult him.

He said, “Did they write anything interesting?”
He asked if they wrote anything interesting.
ask
if/whether
гл
Общие вопросы
?

He said, “Where is Tom going now?”
He asked where Tom was going then?
ask
гл
Специальные вопросы
?
?

Переведите вопросы из прямой речи в косвенную:
1. He asked, “Do you like Australia?”
2. He asked, “ Have you been to Australia before?”
3. He asked, “ Does your sister like to travel?”
4. He asked, “ Why did you arrive in Canberra?”
5. He asked, “ Where are you staying?”
6. He asked, “ What sport do you like?”
7. He asked, “ Which city do you like best in your country?”

Приказы, просьбы, советы – это повелительные предложения, выражающие побуждение к действию.
Orders, commands, request

ask-спрашивать, просить
tell-говорить, велеть
offer-приказывать
advise-советовать
Orders, commands, request

Reported Commands
The leader said to the children,
The leader
said
“Go
the children
straight to the north.”
go
The leader
told
the children
straight to the north.
to
to
The leader told the children
to go straight to the north.
“Go straight to the north.”

He says to Jane, “Give me your pen, please.”
He asks to Jane to give him her pen.
He says to Jane, “Don’t give him your pen, please.”
He asks to Jane not to give him her pen.
!

Переведите из прямой речи в косвенную:
“Come to me at 7p.m.,” she said to Ann.
“Read the text once more,” the teacher advised.
He offered, “Take my pen. It is OK.”
“Help me, please,” the girl asked.
Mother asked Kate, “Don`t see this film.”
Jane asked brother, “Bring me a book.”
Grandpa said to the girl, “Don`t run across the street.”