The Past Perfect Tense

Действие
уже завершилось до начала другого, произошедшего в прошлом действия;
уже совершилось до определенного момента в прошлом, который либо указан обстоятельством времени, либо контекстом.

Образование
had V3 / Ved
при помощи вспомогательного глагола to have в прошедшем времени (had) и причастия прошедшего времени смыслового глагола

Example
I called Jim too late, he had already left.
Я позвонил Джиму слишком поздно, он уже ушел.
We had lived in Paris for 12 years before we moved to America.
До переезда в Америку мы прожили в Париже 12 лет.

Слова-указатели
By that time (к тому времени)
By 5 p.m. (к 5 часам дня)
By Wednesday (к среде)
Before the party (до праздника)
When I came (когда я пришел…)
When he phoned (когда он позвонил …)
Before the concert began (до начала концерта…)

Отрицательная форма
had not V3 = hadn’t V3
Matilda had not (hadn’t) finished reading the book by 9 o'clock.
Матильда не закончила читать книгу к девяти часам.
I knew that they had not (hadn't) seen each other for many years.
Я знал, что они не видели друг друга много лет.

Вопросительная форма
had подлежащее V3?
Had the pupils learnt the words by Monday?
What had she translated before I phoned?
What had Liz bought before the concert?

Упражнение №1
Put the words in the correct order
One / already / got/ had / he;
Had / she/ already/ left;
Started/ the program/ had/ already;
Noticed/ it/ before/ I/ hadn’t;
The work/ they/ started/ hadn’t/ yet;
Been/ there/ I/ before/ hadn’t.

Mix and Match. Translate.

Check the answers

Match the questions and answers

Check the answers

Самостоятельная работа
camera / by Wednesday / got/ had / she;
Had / they/ by 5 p.m. / left;
Finished/ the lesson/ had/ already;
Gone / before the party / you/ hadn’t;
The homework/ we/ started/ hadn’t/ yet;
Been/ there/ I/ when he phoned / hadn’t.

Проверь себя
She had got camera by Wednesday;
They had left by 5 p.m.;
The lesson already had Finished;
You hadn’t gone before the party;
We hadn’t started the homework yet;
I hadn’t been there when he phoned.

Thank you for your attention!