The Rus principalities under mongol domination

plan
Introduction
1237-40 Mongol conquest of kievan Rus,culminating in the sack of kiev
1240:Prince Alexander nevsky defeats Swedes on the Neva
1240-1340 Early Mongol Suzerainty
1242 Prince Alexander Nevsky defeats Teutonic Knights at Lake Peipus
1300 Moscow conquest of Kolomna: beginning of in-gathering of Russian land
1317-28 Metropolitan moves to Moscow
1327-41 Ivan I (Kalita),designated grand prince of Vladimir, by the Mongol Khan
conclusion

Introduction
The Mongol conquest of Kievan Rus' was part of the Mongol invasion of Europe, in which the Mongol Empire invaded and conquered Kievan Rus' and other Russian principalities in the 13th century, destroying numerous cities, including Ryazan, Kolomna, Moscow, Vladimir and Kiev

1237-40 Mongol conquest of kievan Rus,culminating in the sack of kiev
Batu Khan and the Mongols began their invasion in late 1237 by conquering the Principality of Ryazan in north-east RusThen, in 1238 the Mongols went south-west and destroyed the cities of Vladimir and Kozelsk. In 1239, they captured both Pereyaslav and Chernihiv with their sights set on the city of Kiev (When the Mongols sent several envoys to Kiev to demand submission, they were executed by Michael of Chernigov and later Dmytro
The next year, Batu Khan's army under the tactical command of the great Mongol general Subutai reached Kiev. At the time, the city was ruled by the principality of Halych-Volhynia. The chief commander in Kiev was Voivode Dmytro [ru], while Danylo of Halych was in Hungary at that time, seeking a military union to prevent invasion

1240:Prince Alexander nevsky defeats Swedes on the Neva
(July 15, 1240), military engagement in which the Novgorod army defeated the Swedes on the banks of the Neva River; in honour of this battle the Novgorod commander, Prince Alexander Yaroslavich, received the surname Nevsky. The conflict between the Swedes and the Novgorodians was based largely on Swedish efforts to expand into northwestern Russia and to force the conversion of the Russians from Greek Orthodoxy to Roman Catholicism. Calculating that the Mongol conquest of Russia (1240) had deprived Novgorod of military support from other Russian cities, the Swedes, led by Earl Birger, landed at the Neva’s mouth and attempted to block Novgorod’s approach to the Baltic Sea.
Alexander led an army against them and destroyed most of the Swedish force. Birger sailed back to Finland with the few Swedish survivors.

1240-1340 Early Mongol Suzerainty
1240 - 1340 : Early Mongol Suzerainty : The Mongols quickly conquered Russia and pushed forward, invading the Central Europe and even Germany, where they finally had been stopped.
They made Russian cities pay some tribute on the yearly basis, but in all other respects they left the inner organization intact

1242 Prince Alexander Nevsky defeats Teutonic Knights at Lake Peipus
On April 5, 1242, the slightly smaller Crusader force lined up on the western shore and lurched toward the Novgorods. The slick footing undermined the Teutonic advantage — chiefly better-trained knights with top-notch weapons — allowing Alexander to call for volley after volley from his archers. Pleased by the disruption of Hermann’s attack, the Novgorod prince led his infantry onto the ice, pummeling the German center while his cavalry encircled the opposition.
Before long, the Battle of the Ice devolved into a vicious hand-to-hand fight, with pools of blood contrasting brightly against the grey-white crust of Lake Peipus. The Crusaders, seeing the threat of being surrounded, scrambled back to their starting point having lost as many as 400 men.

1300 Moscow conquest of Kolomna: beginning of in-gathering of Russian land
Thus, in 1300, Moscow seized the city of Kolomna from Ryazan, and the Ryazan Prince was killed after several years in captivity. After the killing of Khan Berdi Beg of the Golden Horde at 1359, a civil war had arisen there. Warlord Mamai, who was son-in-law and beylerbey of Berdi Beg, soon took power in the western part of the Golden Horde.

1300 Moscow conquest of Kolomna: beginning of in-gathering of Russian land
After the Mongol-Tatar conquest, the territories of the disintegrating Kievan Rus became part of the western region of the Mongol Empire (also known as the Golden Horde), centered in the lower Volga region. The numerous Rus principalities became the Horde's tributaries. During this period, the small regional principality of Moscow was growing in power and was often challenging its neighbors over territory, including clashing with the Grand Duchy of Ryazan.
Thus, in 1300, Moscow seized the city of Kolomna from Ryazan, and the Ryazan Prince was killed after several years in captivity

1317-28 Metropolitan moves to Moscow
Peter transferred his metropolitan duties from depopulated Kiev to Vladimir. In 1325 Metropolitan Peter, at the request of Great prince Ivan Kalita (1328-1340), transferred the metropolitan cathedra-chair from Vladimir to Moscow. The move strengthened the political position of Moscow and established it as the spiritual capital of fragmented Russia

1327-41 Ivan I (Kalita),designated grand prince of Vladimir, by the Mongol Khan
rince of Moscow from 1325 to 1340 Ivan participated in the struggle to get the title of Grand Prince of Vladimir which could be obtained with the approval of a khan of the Golden Horde. In 1328 Ivan Kalita received the approval of khan Muhammad Ozbeg to become the Grand Prince of Vladimir with the right to collect taxes from all Russian lands.