War of Scarlet and White Roses” 1455-1487

Symbols of the opposing houses. Lancaster and York dynasties.
The name "Wars of the Roses" is not thought to have been used during the time of the wars, but has its origins in the badges associated with the two royal houses, the Red Rose of Lancaster and the White Rose of York. The term itself came into common use only in the nineteenth century, after the publication of Anne of Geierstein by Sir Walter Scott.

Background of the War of the Roses

Background of the War of the Roses

The course of the war

The course of the war

The course of the war

The natural result was the resumption of the war. Only now the forces of the Scarlet and White Rose have united to overthrow the usurper. The general army was led by Henry Tudor, who was related to the Lancasters (scarlet)
1485, August 22 - the opposing sides met in a duel at Bosworth. The result of the battle was the defeat of the army of Richard III from the troops under the command of Tudor.

Consequences of the War of Roses
As a result of the War of the Roses, Henry VII, the first of the Tudor dynasty, one of the offshoots of the House of Lancaster, sat on the throne.

Consequences of the War of Roses
The change of power in England. The Tudor dynasty began to rule the country, which lasted at the helm for 117 years.
The end of the English Middle Ages. It is believed that it was from 1485 that the New Age began in England, which brought with it many changes.
Many nobles died. Oddly enough, this led to a calming of the degree of tension in England. From a quarter to a third of the barons and peers (the highest nobility) on both sides died, and the survivors, for the most part, decided not to risk once again. At the same time, some noble dynasties disappeared altogether.

Consequences of the War of Roses
The change of power in England. The Tudor dynasty began to rule the country, which lasted at the helm for 117 years.
The end of the English Middle Ages. It is believed that it was from 1485 that the New Age began in England, which brought with it many changes.

Consequences of the War of Roses
Strengthening the monarchy. As a result of the War of the Roses, power was decentralized and concentrated in the hands of the king, but the influence of the feudal lords significantly weakened.
The loss of England's influence on the mainland. After the Hundred Years' War, the British already lost almost all possessions on the continent, except for the city of Calais (which was later also returned to the French). One of the consequences of the War of the Roses was the reduction of English influence in France to near zero.

Edward VI

The Bear is an emblem of
Karelia..
Edward VI ( son from the third marriage of Henry VIII and Jane Seymour) became king in 1547.
He came to the throne at the age of nine years old under the tutelage of maternal uncle, Edward Seymour. After his disgrace in 1549 a number of other Regents competed for the influence on the young king.
1537 -1553

Petrozavodsk-is a capital of Karelia.
Eduard was a healthy and strong child. His father looked up to him. In May 1538 some of observers wrote: “Henry is holding the child, standing with him at the window... It's a spectacular sight and great comfort for the people".
In September the Lord Chancellor, Lord Thomas Audley, reported a rapid physical and mental development of Edward. Other sources describe him as a tall and merry child. The traditional view that Edward was a sickly child was questioned by modern historians. At the age of 4 years old he contracted life-threatening "four-day fever". However, despite occurring diseases and poor eyesight, Edward enjoyed excellent health until the last 6 months of his life.

28 January, 1547 - Henry VIII died
On the 20-th of February Edward VI was crowned at Westminster Abbey. the Ceremony was shortened, partly because "the king was in such a tender age," partly because the reformation had found some elements of the ceremony unacceptable.
During the coronation Cranmer confirmed the validity of the act of supremacy urging him to continue the reformation of the Church of England. After the ceremony Edward took part in the Banquet in his honor in the Palace of Westminster

Edward fell ill in January 1553. In April there was a temporary improvement. By the first of July, when he last appeared in public, looking out the window, the teenager was thin and exhausted, had trouble breathing. Edward VI died on 6 July 1553

Quick Facts: Elizabeth I
Born: 7 September 1533, Palace of Placentia
Also Known As: Elizabeth Tudor, The Virgin Queen, The Maiden Queen, Gloriana or Good Queen Bess
Known For: Queen of England
Reign: 17 November 1558 – 24 March 1603
Coronation: 15 January 1559
Predecessors: Mary I and Philip
Successor: James I
Parents: Father – Henry VIII of England, Mother – Anne Boleyn
House: Tudor
Religion: Church of England

Mary |
18 February 1516
Mary is born in Greenwich. She is the only child of Henry VIII and his first wife, Catherine of Aragon (pictured above), to survive infancy
23 May 1533
Henry VIII’s marriage to Catherine is declared invalid five months after he marries a second wife, Anne Boleyn. Mary is deemed illegitimate and stripped of her succession rights
28 January 1547
Henry VIII dies and is succeeded by his son, as Edward VI (above). Mary repeatedly defies her fervently Protestant half-brother by refusing to renounce her Catholicism
6 July 1553
King Edward VI dies, aged 15. Lady Jane Grey, a Protestant relation of Mary’s, is proclaimed queen four days later

Mary |
1 October 1553
Mary is crowned queen by her lord chancellor, Stephen Gardiner, at Westminster Abbey
18 March 1554
Mary has her half-sister, Elizabeth (pictured above), imprisoned in the Tower of London, after it’s alleged that she too supported the Wyatt rebellion. Yet lacking firm evidence of her sister’s guilt, Mary refrains from ordering Elizabeth’s execution
25 July 1554
Despite the reservations of some of the most powerful figures in the English court, Mary marries Philip of Spain at Winchester Cathedral

Mary |
April 1555
Thanksgiving services are held in London after erroneous rumours spread that Mary has given birth to a son. Mary, it seems, has experienced a false pregnancy
21 March 1556
Thomas Cranmer, former archbishop of Canterbury, is burned at the stake. He is one of more than 280 ‘heretics’ executed during Mary’s reign
17 November 1558
Mary dies, aged 42, during an influenza epidemic. The English crown passes to her half-sister, Elizabeth

Reference
https://about-history.com/wars-of-the-roses-1455-1487/
https://faktrus.ru/%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B9-%D0%B8-%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B9-%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%8B/
https://www.istmira.com/novosti-istorii/11668-hod-i-itogi-voyny-aloy-i-beloy-rozy.html
https://about-history.com/wars-of-the-roses-1455-1487/
https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_VI#cite_note-34
2. https://www.thefamouspeople.com/profiles/edward-vi-of-england-6364.php
https://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/HistoryofEngland/Queen-Mary-I/

Reference
https://www.rmg.co.uk/stories/topics/queen-elizabeth-i-facts-myths
https://www.history.com/news/elizabeth-mary-queen-of-scots-imprisonment-death
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Elizabeth-I
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/queen-elizabeth-i-dies
https://www.britishhistorytours.com/history-blog?view=article&id=21&catid=8

Presentation prepared by students :
Odzhakdzhy Nuraina
Omarova Meruyert
Minakhunova Natal’ya
Moldakhmetova Bayan
Portnikov Pavel