Слайд 2Cameroon English is an English dialect spoken predominantly in Cameroon, mostly learned as a second language. It shares
some similarities with English varieties in neighbouring West Africa, as Cameroon lies at the west of Central Africa. It is primarily spoken in the Northwest and Southwest regions of Cameroon.
It is a postcolonial variety of English, long in use in the territory (Southern Cameroons, now split into Northwest and Southwest).
Слайд 3PHONOLOGICAL FEATURES
The phonemes /ɔː/, /ʌ/ and /ɒ/ tend to merge to /ɔː/, making "cot", "caught" and "cut" homophones.[1] Similarly, "lock" and
"luck" are pronounced alike. And "white-collar worker" sometimes becomes "white-colour worker" in Cameroon.
Слайд 4PHONOLOGY
Like most West African languages, Kamtok has seven vowels, with two mid
vowels: open and closed. Schneider spells the mid vowels as closed ey and ow vs. open e and o but Todd spells them as closed e and o vs. open eh and oh.
Слайд 5PHONOLOGY
The palatal approximate /j/ is written y, the palatal affricates /t͡ʃ/ and /d͡ʒ/ are written ch and j, and the palatal and
velar nasals /ɲ/ and /ŋ/ are written ny and ng. Some of these consonants, such as /r/ and /l/, are not distinguished by speakers who lack such distinctions in their local substrate languages.
Слайд 6PRONOUN SYSTEM
The basic pronoun system of Kamtok distinguishes three persons and two
numbers. In most cases, the shape of the pronoun does not change to show grammatical function. Two exceptions involve the first person singular, where a serves as a subject clitic on verbs, as in mi, a mos go 'I must go', and ma is the possessive pronoun, as in ma beli 'my stomach'. The other major exception is -am in place of i or dem as an object suffix on verbs, except when the referent is human, as in a go was-am 'I'll wash it'. Acrolectal speakers, however, are more likely to use dei for dem in subject position and ohs for wi in object position
Слайд 8VERBS
Verbs are not inflected to show grammatical tense, aspect, modality, or negation. Instead, these notions are
conveyed by a small set of preverbal auxiliaries.
no 'not'
neba neva 'never'
bin bi past tense
go future tense
Слайд 9VERBS
Examples:
Tiri pipo go di kam. Tiri pipo go di kam. 'Three people will be
coming.'
Ma masa bin tutu wok. 'My boss worked very hard.'
Dem neva cam? 'They haven't come yet?'
Yu no fit bi ma klak. 'You cannot be my clerk.'
Слайд 10PLURAL MARKERS
In pidgin unlike in English, 'S' is not used at the
end of nouns to mark their plural state. Instead, this is what is used: 'dem' or 'ndem‘
e.g.: The boy dem di cam - The boys are coming.
Слайд 11EXPRESSIONS
Characteristic turns of phrase in the country or local coinages:
"detailly" = in
detail
"to see with me" = to agree with me; to see my point of view
"installmentally" = by installments
"of recent" = recently; lately