Radioactivity

You will:
CHAPTER 12.2
ALKENES

CHAPTER 1.1
RADIOACTIVITY
Kew terms
Operate – әрекет ету/ действовать;
Repulsion - серпу / отталкивание;
Emission - шығу / выбросы;
Dosimetrist - дозиметр / дозиметр;
Geiger counter - Гейгер санағышы / счетчик Гейгера;
Prone to-бейім / склонный к;
Decay - ыдырау / распад;
Annihilation - жойылу / уничтожение.

CHAPTER 1.1
Radioactivity means a spontaneous emission of radioactive particles by an unstable nucleus. Atoms which are prone to decay are classified as radioactive. Conversely, an isotope is considered stable if it does not spontaneously transform into another element by radioactive emission. In the late 19th century Ernest Rutherford was able to identify three common radioactive emissions which were released by radioactive atoms. He was also able to show how they behave in an electric field, which allowed him to find charges of each particle. He named them as alpha, beta and gamma radiation.

CHAPTER 1.1

CHAPTER 1.1

CHAPTER 1.1
The above reaction is called a nuclear equation, or nuclear reaction. Highly energetic electrons and positrons are called beta particles or beta rays. Sometimes positrons are termed antielectrons, because they have similar mass like an electron, but they are positively charged. Beta rays are represented as βfor an electron, and β+ for a positron. If they collide with each other, they are annihilated and energy is produced in the form of gamma rays. When an electron is emitted from a nucleus, it transforms a neutron to a proton. Conversely, positron emission results in the transformation of proton to a neutron.