Spin the wheel

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CLICK TO SPIN

100
Rewrite the following in the PASSIVE VOICE.
A lot of tea is drunk in England.
People drink a lot of tea in England.
GENERAL RULES
●The direct object of the active becomes the subject of the passive. ●We add the verb “to be” right before the main verb (it takes the form of the main verb in the active voice) ●The main verb changes into the past participle.

50
I’m sorry I can’t help you.
I wish …
I wish I could help you.
Rewrite the following. Make any necessary changes.
wish / if only + PAST SIMPLE
Used to express a present wish for things to be different.

200
Although he has a bad temper/ he is bad-tempered, …
Rephrase the sentence with “ALTHOUGH”.
In spite of his bad temper, he has many friends.
IN SPITE OF/DESPITE + ing or noun
ALTHOUGH + subject + verb

150
If she had any/more friends, she wouldn’t feel (so) lonely.
Rewrite the sentence with “if” without changing its meaning.
She has no friends. She feels lonely.
CONDITIONALS TYPE 2 (used for unreal, impossible, imaginary, hypothetical… situations in the present)
●if clause + past simple ●main clause + would/could + infinitive

250
1) Sam, who is my best friend, is sitting over there.
Which sentence is correct?
Sam, who is my best friend, is sitting over there.
Sam, that is my best friend, is sitting over there.
Sam who is my best friend is sitting over there.
NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES
These are placed between commas because they give additional information about a person/thing
(we cannot use “that” in these clauses)

150
He is being offered a new position.
Rewrite the following as started.
They are offering him a new position.
He …
IDIOMATIC PASSIVE VOICE
● In this case the indirect object of the active becomes the subject of the passive. However, you can start with the direct object – A new position is being offered to him.

200
1) 2) and 4)
Which options are possible?
“He suggested …
Reporting statements with “suggest”
+ ing
+ that + S + past simple
+ that + S + should + infinitive
staying at home.”
that we stayed at home.”
to stay at home.”
that we should stay at home.”
stay at home.”

50
PRESENT SIMPLE
vs PRESENT CONTINUOUS
am working / don’t interrupt
I … (work), so please … (not interrupt) me.
PRESENT CONTINUOUS am/is/are + ing for temporary situations, actions happening now, future plans… PRESENT SIMPLE for general truths /statements, permanent situations, routines, timetables…

250
Rephrase the following.
…if she knew where he had gone.
Do you know where he went?
I asked Jane …
REPORTING QUESTIONS
●word order: reporting verb + if/question-word + subject + verb (since it’s no longer a question we don’t use do)
● When reporting someone’s words we usually move one tense further into the past.

150
… to call me a taxi.
Report the following.
Shall I call you a taxi?
She offered …
Promises, orders, offers, requests ... are often reported using to infinitive (with verbs like agree, ask, beg, decide, demand, invite, offer, order, promise, refuse, remind, tell, threaten, warn...)

100
has been living
Complete the sentence with the PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS.
Cindy … (live) here since last November.
FORM: has/have + been + ing
For actions that started in the past and have continued up till now (stresses “how long”) or have just finished (stresses the result - He has been running (he is all sweaty)

250
better / more confident
Change the words in brackets to complete each gap meaningfully.
The … (good) he does, the … (confident) he feels.
the + comparative (S + verb), the + comparative (S + verb)
●used to show that two things change together or that one thing depends on the other.

150
Can/may I take the day off?
Rephrase the following using a suitable MODAL verb.
Am I allowed to take the day off?
CAN/MAY Modal verbs are auxiliary verbs with a great variety of communicative functions - in this case we are asking for permission.
● they are followed by the bare infinitive (except “ought to”)

50
was having / rang
I … (have) dinner when the phone … (ring).
PAST CONTINUOUS: was/were + ing
(for temporary actions in progress in the past)
PAST SIMPLE: arrived (regular) / left (irregular)
(for finished past actions)
PAST SIMPLE vs
PAST CONTINUOUS

150
Rephrase the following with “so that”.
I’m moving to the city so that I can have a better life.
I’m moving to the city to have a better life.
PURPOSE CLAUSES
so that + subject + modal verb + infinitive
(we use “so that” instead of “to, so as to, in order to” when we repeat the subject or have two different subjects)

200
He is said to speak 8 languages.
ALTERNATIVE PASSIVE VOICE – Rewrite the sentence as started.
People say that he speaks 8 languages.
●It is said that he speaks 8 languages.
or
●He …
When talking about what people say, believe, think … we can use 2 structures:
● It + passive + that-clause
● Subject + passive + to infinitive

250
… did I know where I was.
Rephrase the following.
I hardly knew where I was.
Hardly …
INVERSION OF THE SUBJECT (used after restrictive/negative adverbs to put enphasis on what we are saying) ● If these are put at the beginning of a sentence, the subject must follow the verb as in a question – remember to use do for the present and past simple

250
He is thought to have stolen the diamond.
ALTERNATIVE PASSIVE VOICE – Rewrite the sentence as started.
People think that he stole the diamond.
●It is thought that he stole the diamond.
or
●He …
IMPERSONAL REPORT STRUCTURES
When reporting a past action we use:
● Subject + passive + perfect infinitive (to have + past participle)

100
Will Kate be back soon?
QUESTIONS
Ask me …
Whether Kate will be back soon.
(wh-) + verb + S + (verb(s)) …
With auxiliary verbs and modal verbs we simply invert the word order: Have you seen Mike? Can I come in?
When there is no auxiliary verb, we need to use “do”: do(es)/did + S + infinitive: Why did he arrive late?

50
have met / didn’t see
I … (meet) Jane twice this week but I … (not see) her last week.
PRESENT PERFECT: has/have + past participle
(for indefinite/unfished past actions) focuses on the action/result
PAST SIMPLE: arrived/left didn’t arrive/leave
(for definite or finished past actions) focuses on “when”
PRESENT PERFECT
vs PAST SIMPLE

200
If he hadn’t been late, he would have got the job.
Rewrite the sentence with “if” without changing its meaning.
He didn’t get the job because he was late.
CONDITIONALS TYPE 3 (past situations)
- For things we usually regret but can’t change anymore
●if clause + past perfect (had + past participle)
●main clause + perfect conditional (would/could have + past participle)

100
SUBJECT QUESTIONS - Ask the question for the underlined part of the sentence.
Who loves Juliet?
Romeo loves Juliet.
When asking about the subject of a sentence, we do not invert the word order or need to use “do”. “The car is in the garage” – What is in the garage?

200
I … (finish) this by the time you get back.
will have finished
Complete the sentence with the FUTURE PERFECT.
FORM: will have + past participle
For actions that will happen / be completed by a certain time in the future:
It is often used with a time expression using by + a point in future time (then, the time...)

250
Rephrase the following.
… being disturbed at work.
I don’t like to be disturb at work.
I can’t stand …
can’t stand + gerund
Other expressions take the gerund as well: can’t bear, can’t help, it’s no good/use, it’s (not) worth…