The parachute

At the beginning of the 20th century the German Kete Paulus invented a folding parachute. She went down in history as one of the first female paratroopers.
In 1911 the Russian military GE Kotelnikov invented a fundamentally new parachute of the RK-1 type. Kotelnikov's parachute was compact. Its dome is made of silk, the slings were divided into 2 groups and fastened to the shoulder girths of the suspension system. The dome and slings fit into a wooden, and later aluminum satchel. Later, in 1923, Kotelnikov proposed a knapsack for laying a parachute, made in the form of an envelope with honeycombs for lines. After the revolution, the first, forced jump from the plane was performed June 23, 1927 test pilot MM Gromov, later Hero of the Soviet Union.

In 1912, Kotelnikov was the first to patch the parachute pack.
The date of the beginning of the development of mass parachuting in our country is July 26, 1930. On this day in Voronezh at the Aerodrome, the first jumps of military pilots started under the direction of Leonid Minov.

For a long time already, for almost 25 years, new sport parachutes of the "wing" type have been successfully used in aviation organizations.
In 1934 designer Lobanov proposed a new shape of the dome - square and flat, in 1935 a new sports and training parachute with variable speed of descent was put into operation. Engineers Doronin brothers for the first time in the world designed an automatic device for opening a parachute at a given altitude.