Fats and oils

Fats and oils
Naturally occuring
Animal fat
Vegetable oil
Marine oil
lard
suet
sunflower oil
coconut oil
cod liver oil
whale oil

Fats and oils
glycerol
Systematic name is propane-1,2,3-triol
Fats and oils are built from an alcohol with three -O-H groups.

Fats and oils
Stearic acid
Systematic name is octadecanoic acid
The other components of fat molecules are carboxylic acids
such as

Fats and oils
Fats and oils are ESTERS of glycerol and
long chain carboxylic acids

Fats and oils
Removal of water in the condensation reaction gives -
The molecular formula shown above suggests that the fat
molecule is shaped like an E, but the molecule is actually
shaped more like this:

Fats and oils
Fats are mainly built from carboxylic acids with
C-C single bonds.
Oils have some C=C bonds in the carboxylic acids
from which they are made.
Stearic acid in beef fat
Oleic acid in olive oil

Oil
Fat
Fat molecules pack together more tightly,
making fats solid at room temperature.
Double bonds in oil make the molecule less compact.
Less tightly packed molecules make oils liquid.
Fats and oils