HUNGARY

Potential of Hungary
Population (2002) – 10 166 000
Square – 93 000 sq. km
Main fossils minerals:
Coal
Bauxite
Copper ore
Zinc ore
Manganese ore

RUSSIA

Potential of Russia
Population (2002) – 143 700 000.
Square – 17 075 000 sc km
Main fossils minerals:

Initial conditions
Hungary economy
Structure was “normal”
Strong state institutions
Average education and scientific potential
Institution of private property
Postindustrial stage (the beginning)
Relations with foreign countries
Shortage
Russian economy
Structural disproportions
Weak state institutions
High education and scientific potential
Absence institution of private property
Industrial stage
Release the resources from Defence sector
Shortage

Reform policy
Hungary
The beginning of transformations in 1968
Gradual liberalization of prices since 1980s
Realization stabilization program (1990)
Russia
Rebuilding (1980s)
Reform of enterprises: economic accountability and self-repayment
Cooperative movement
Trying reformation of state institution

Reform policy (continued)
External privatization with foreign capital (since 1991)
Active stimulation of investment
Liberalization of prices and foreign trade (since 1992)
Privatization (since 1992)
Voucher and internal privatization (stage 1)
Monetary privatization (stage 2)
Stabilization (1995-1998)

Macroeconomic indicators (Hungry)

Macroeconomic indicators (Russia)

GDP structure

Human
developments

Dynamics of HDI

Monetary indicators

Reform summary (pluses)
Hungary
Ужесточение бюджетных ограничений на предприятиях
Преодоление трансформационного спада
Russia
Формирование частного сектора
Ликвидация дефицита
Формирование рынка труда

Reform summary (minuses)
Hungary
Бюджетный дефицит из-за крупных платежей по процентам МФО
Трудности долгосрочного кредитования из-за преобладания иностранных банков
Russia
Бегство капитала
Рост доли теневой экономики и коррупции
Инфляционный налог на средства население
Финансовый кризис 1998

Web-publications
World Bank
International Monetary Fund
UN
National Bank of Hungary
Банк России
Госкомстат
Сайты правительств России и Венгрии
Yandex
Rambler
Апорт
Yahoo