Principal of geometry and Some Applications of Crystal Materials

What is…
Materials Science: investigation of the relationships that exist between
the structure and properties of materials.
Materials Engineering: designing materials that have specific properties
on the basis of structure/property relationships.
Primarily concerned with study of:
- Metals/Alloys
- Ceramics/Glasses
- Polymers*
- Biological Materials
- Composites
“Condensed
Phases”
Mechanical
Electrical
Thermal
Magnetic
Optical
Main Idea:

title

What Do We Mean by ‘Structure’?
Many levels of structure:
Macroscale
Microscale
Nanoscale
Atomic (Å)
Most physical properties of a material are directly related
to the types and arrangements of bonds in the material.
Descriptions of material structure begin at the atomic level.
Broad range of length scales…

ELECTRO MAGNETIC SPECTRUM

Optical Microscope and x-Ray Diffraction Image

UNIT CELL

PLANES AND DIRECTIONS

Title the 111 plane

Mirror

THREE FOLD AXIS

TETRAGONAL

TETRAGONAL

DIFFERENT FORM OF HEXAGONAL

STRUCTURE SHOWING THE SIX FOLD SYMMETRY

The Arrangement of Atoms in Three Dimensions

title

INTERSTITIAL SPACES