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What is Communication? Communication is simply the sending of a message to another person. The person sending the message first needs to formulate the message in his head. This involves determining the meaning that the sender intends to convey to the other person. To formulate the meaning of perceptionsthe message, the sender usually draws upon his background attitudes,, emotions, opinions, education, and experience.  The message is then sent to the listener through both verbal talking and non-verbal gestures. The person receiving this message then interprets its meaning. To do this, the listener uses his background, attitudes, perceptions, emotions, opinions, education, and experience.  Effective communication exists between two persons when the person receiving the message interprets it in the same way as the sender intended it. Sounds really simple doesn't it?  Well, it can be. Who is Responsible for Communicating Effectively? Managers share the responsibility in communicating effectively with the individual employees themselves. The manager is 100% responsible for communicating effectively with their employees. This includes establishing an open and trusting climate for communication, as well as demonstrating good communication techniques to their employees. The employee is 100% responsible for taking advantage of the "climate for communication" to express what is important and relevant. For example,it is expected that a manager will ask "are there any questions?" after giving an employee an assignment, but it is also expected that an employee will say, "I have a question", if one should occur to the employee, without waiting for the manager to ask. 

How to manage your time? What is time? Time is constant… What is life? Life is all about balance and working to live not living to work How use your time effectively? Getting ahead requires discipline, self-motivation and the ability to prioritize! What Happened to the Day? Look down at the clock at the bottom of your computer. Ask yourself: where you are at, where you want to be Evaluate your environment and plan! Unplanned life is more reactive and spontaneous than planned (Henry Mintzberg) Stress and complain of doing nothing value

What is a resume? An advertisement of you. A snapshot of who you are and your personal, professional, educational and work qualifications. It is about your future, NOT your past. Why do you need a resume? To obtain an interview, not a job A marketing tool Interest the employer in your abilities. Requirement of many organizations Summarizes what you have to offer employers—your unique selling points—in an easy-to-read format.

What We Will Cover Reading Strategies True/False Using Your Text To Prepare For Class Making Notes On Your Reading Notes in a notebook Notes in a textbook Using Your Text After Class True or False? You must always read every word in the chapter or you will not understand it. If you read too fast, you will lose some of your comprehension. Taking notes on reading lengthens the reading process. How Much Do You Know About Good Reading Strategies? False Effectively skimming the chapter works for some texts and is often more time effective. False There is no known link. Comprehension comes from being able to pull out important information. False It shortens the time by keeping you focused and saves future study time.

Prepare and Give Presentation of Your Choice Introduction: I’d like to talk today about… Outlines: I’ve divided my talk into… Questions: If you have any questions, please… Part I: Let me start with… Part II: That brings me to… Part III/IV etc: …and turn to… Summary: To sum up… Conclusions: In conclusion I’d like to…

Active vocabulary A-level – an examination that students in England and Wales take, usually when they are 18. To apply – to make a formal request for smth. such as job, place in the university or permission. Degree – a course of studying in university, college or the qualification given when you’ve successfully completed the course. Campus – the land and buildings of a university or college, including the building where the students live. To attend – to go on an event. Grades = marks. Hall of residence – college or university building where the students live. Facilities – places or buildings used for a particular activity, industry or for providing a particular part of service. Full-time university – university where students study full-time. Campus university – university which is situated miles from town and, unlike university in the center of town, has it’s own facilities. Student loan – a credit that UK government gives to their students to pay for their education, and that students should repay when they’ll get a job. FE or Further education bachelor You are 18 HE or Higher education bachelor master doctor MBA

Boarding school In the UK, you will find a huge variety of schools. A common type of school in the U - a Boarding School, in which students learn and live. The first boarding schools in Britain appeared in the early Middle Ages, mainly in monasteries. In the XII century the Pope ordered all Benedictine monasteries to open schools in the mansions of charity. Later, education has to be paid. While the aristocratic family preferred the monastic schools, home schooling, over time, spread the belief that for young people is more useful to learn with their peers. This belief became the foundation for the organization of privileged boarding school, where form the elite of modern British society for more than a thousand years. The British boarding schools are in the list of the most expensive and prestigious schools in the world. Full-cycle schools where children of all ages from 2 to 18 years. The classification by age In infant schools (ages 5-7), the main emphasis is on basic literacy and numeracy - learning to read and write and basic arithmetic. Infant school also known as nurseries and kindergartens for children from 2 to 7 years. Here are taught to read, write, count, and develop through play.

The aims: - introduce the systems of education in Kazakhstan and the UK -to explain them useful information about Education Developing: - to develop pupil’s vocabulary and making up sentences ability - to compare education in UK,USA and Kazakhstan - to learn new words about Education - doing different levels exercises which to use grammar structures in a right form What must they learn: - to speak useful information about education in oral speech - to develop speaking habits which is describing own country’s school in English and doing practical work Education State school Private school Compulsory Junior school Infant school Uniform Attend strange Modern school Grammar school Comprehensive Core білім мемлекет мектеп жеке мектеп міндетті Бастауыш мектеп бала мектеп формасы коніл аудару жат, бөгде жаңа заманауй мектеп грамматика мектебі ава өте манызды

South Africa has a 3 tier system of education starting with primary school South Africa has a 3 tier system of education starting with primary school, followed by secondary school South Africa has a 3 tier system of education starting with primary school, followed by secondary school and tertiary education in the form of (academic) universities, FET (Further Education and Training) and universities of technology. At about 7% of gross domestic product (GDP) and 20% of total state expenditure, South Africa has one of the highest rates of public investment in education in the world. School life spans 13 years or grades, from grade 0, otherwise known as grade R or "reception year", through to grade 12 or "matric" – the year of matriculation. Under the South African Schools Act of 1996, education is compulsory for all South Africans from the age of seven (grade 1) to age 15, or the completion of grade 9. South Africa has a vibrant higher education sector, with nearly 900 000 students enrolled in the country's 23 state-funded tertiary institutions: 11 universities, six universities of technology, and six comprehensive institutions. There are currently around 450 registered private FET colleges, which cover training provided from Grades 10 to 12, including career-oriented education and training. According to Census 2011, the percentage of people aged 20 or older who have higher education increased from 8.4% in 2001 to 12.1%. The number of those who matriculated increased from 20.4% to 28.5%. Those who had no schooling at all decreased from 17.9% to 8.6%. There has been moderate increase in people aged between five and 24 attending private institutions rather than public ones. Gauteng topped the list with 16% of people in this age group attending private institutions. This was followed by the Western Cape with 7.5%, and the Free State with 6.4%. The functional illiteracy rates – that is, people 15 years old and over with no education or a highest level of education less than grade seven – have dropped from 31.5% in 2001 to 19.1% in 2011. Poorer rural provinces, such as Limpopo and the Northern Cape, have cut their functional illiteracy rates by almost half to around 25% since 1996.

The American system of school education differs from the systems in other countries. There are state public schools, private elementary schools and private secondary schools. Public schools are free and private schools are fee-paying. Each state has its own system of public schools. Education in the United States of America is compulsory for children from the age of 6 till 16 (or 18). It involves 12 years of schooling. A school year starts at the end of August or at the beginning of September and ends in late June or early July. The whole school year is divided into three terms/trimesters or four quarters. American students have winter, spring and summer holidays which last 2 or 3 weeks and 6 or 8 weeks, respectively. Students go to school 5 days a week.

Education in Russia plays an important role. It is divided into Kindergarten Primary School Secondary School Higher Education: Universities When children are three, they start going to a kindergarten or nursery school. There they are prepared for a primary school to study music, art and dancing.

Преимущества обучения в Ирландии: доступное и качественное образование возможность работы во время обучения (20 часов в неделю). Зачисление на 2 курс после подготовительного курса. с ирландским дипломом возможно работать во всей Великобритании. разрешение на работу на 1 год после окончания обучения в Ирландии Лучшие университеты Ирландии University College Dublin Trinity College Dublin

Parliament acts Reform Act 1832 - education was provided to the middle-class. Reform Act 1867 - respectable working-class children were provided with education. Education Act 1880 - everyone, at least up to the age of 10 had to attend school. Education Act 1891 - free education. Basic features Full-time education is compulsory; Compulsory education is free of charge but a child can be educated privately; The academic year begins at the end of summer; There are 3 stages: primary or elementary , secondary, higher; The education debates: quality, social justice, freedom of choice.

V O C A B U L A R Y Compulsory – обязательный Free – бесплатный Infant – (зд.)подготовительный Junior – младший Nursery – детский сад Primary – начальный Secondary - средний Private – частный Public - общественный Public school – частная школа State school – государственная школа Boarding school – интернат All-boys school – школа для мальчиков “E d u c a t i o n brings a child the world” Many British children start school at the age of 3 or 4 if there is a play school near their house. These schools are nursery and they are not compulsory. Children are taught to sing, draw, they play different creative games. Compulsory education begins at the age of 5, when children go to primary school.

THE COOPER UNION Cooper Union is a private institution that was founded in 1859.  Cooper Union fields several intercollegiate athletic teams, including men’s and women’s basketball, soccer, and tennis. Through outstanding academic programs in architecture, art and engineering, The Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art prepares talented students... MACAULAY HONORS COLLEGE Macaulay provides outstanding educational opportunities, advising and financial support, the tools our most talented students need to excel in New York City and the world, in college and in life. Selected for their top high school records and leadership potential, each Macaulay student is awarded a full-tuition merit scholarship, giving them the freedom to pursue their academic goals without financial burdens.

Types of school Public school of Canada French Language School Theatre school of Canada

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The eleventh-largest economy in the world. Currency CANADIAN DOLLAR

Measuring a Nation’s Income Microeconomics Microeconomics is the study of how individual households and firms make decisions and how they interact with one another in markets. Macroeconomics Macroeconomics is the study of the economy as a whole. Its goal is to explain the economic changes that affect many households, firms, and markets at once. The Macro Economy

Maximized total benefit Recall: Adam Smith’s “invisible hand” of the marketplace leads self-interested buyers and sellers in a market to maximize the total benefit that society can derive from a market. But market failures can still happen. EXTERNALITIES AND MARKET INEFFICIENCY An externality refers to the uncompensated impact of one person’s actions on the well-being of a bystander. Externalities cause markets to be inefficient, and thus fail to maximize total surplus.

REVISITING THE MARKET EQUILIBRIUM Do the equilibrium price and quantity maximize the total welfare of buyers and sellers? Market equilibrium reflects the way markets allocate scarce resources. Whether the market allocation is desirable can be addressed by welfare economics. Welfare Economics Welfare economics is the study of how the allocation of resources affects economic well-being. Buyers and sellers receive benefits from taking part in the market. The equilibrium in a market maximizes the total welfare of buyers and sellers.

Elasticity . . . … allows us to analyze supply and demand with greater precision. … is a measure of how much buyers and sellers respond to changes in market conditions THE ELASTICITY OF DEMAND Price elasticity of demand is a measure of how much the quantity demanded of a good responds to a change in the price of that good. Price elasticity of demand is the percentage change in quantity demanded given a percent change in the price.

Thinking Like an Economist Every field of study has its own terminology Mathematics Psychology Law Economics Thinking Like an Economist Economics trains you to: Think in terms of alternatives. Evaluate the cost of individual and social choices. Examine and understand how certain events and issues are related.

Factors of territory development «That doesn’t depend on us» «That depend on us» Subsystems of the region