Reported Speech

REPORTED SPEECH

Reported speech
Reported speech without tense changes
Reported speech with tense changes
Other changes in reported speech
Reported questions
Reported imperatives
Reporting verbs

REPORTED SPEECH
We use reported speech when we are saying what other people say, think or believe.
He says he wants it.
I believe he loves her.
She told me he had asked her to marry him.
We thought he was in Australia.

REPORTED SPEECH
without
tense changes
with
tense changes

REPORTED SPEECH WITHOUT TENSE CHANGES
When we are reporting somebody’s words a short time after they were said.
‘It’s quite cold,’ said Harry.
Harry just said (that) it’s quite cold.

REPORTED SPEECH WITHOUT TENSE CHANGES
When we are reporting a scientific fact. ‘Light from the sun takes eight minutes to reach us,’ the professor said.
The professor said (that) light from the sun takes eight minutes to reach us.

REPORTED SPEECH WITHOUT TENSE CHANGES
When we are reporting something which is still true.
‘I have a niece in America,’ Mr Wood said.
Mr Wood said (that) he has a niece in America.

REPORTED SPEECH WITHOUT TENSE CHANGES
When we use a reporting verb in the present tense.
‘I am staying in tonight,’ Mark says.
Mark says (that) he is staying in tonight.

REPORTED SPEECH WITHOUT TENSE CHANGES
(ВЫВОД)
When we are reporting somebody’s words a short time after they were said.
When we are reporting a scientific fact.
When we are reporting something which is still true.
When we use a reporting verb in the present tense.

REPORTED SPEECH WITH TENSE CHANGES
We usually have to change the tense if the reporting verb is in the past.

Present Simple
Past Simple
‘I hungry.’
He said (that) he hungry.
am
was

Present Progressive
Past Progressive
‘I a letter.’
He said (that) he a letter.
am writing
was writing

Present Perfect
Past Perfect
‘I my room.’
He said (that) he his room.
have cleaned
had cleaned

Present Perfect
Progressive
Past Perfect Progressive
‘She all day.’
He said (that) she all day.
has been waiting
had been waiting

Past Simple
Past Perfect
‘I $12 for the video.’
He said (that) he $12 for the video.
paid
had paid

Past Progressive
Past Perfect Progressive
‘We about football.’
He said (that) they about football.
were talking
had been talking

Direct Speech
Reported speech
Present Simple(V,Vs)
Past Simple(V2/Ved)
Present Progressive(am/is/are Ving)
Past Progressive(was/were V ing)
Present Perfect(have/has V3(ed)
Past Perfect (had V3(ed)
Present Perfect
Progressive(have/has been Ving)
Past Perfect Progressive (had been V ing)
Past Simple(V2,Ved)
Past Perfect(had V3( ed)
Past Progressive
Past Perfect Progressive

OTHER CHANGES IN REPORTED SPEECH
We sometimes have to change other words, such as pronouns, words that refer to the time and place, some modal verbs.

Direct Speech
Reported speech
now
today /tonight
yesterday
tomorrow
last week
next week
ago
here
this
these
will
then, at that moment, immediately
that day / that night
the day before, the previous day
the next/following day
the week before, the previous week
the week after, the following week
before
there
that
those
would

REPORTED QUESTIONS

REPORTED QUESTIONS
Reported questions are usually introduced with the verbs ask, inquire, wonder or the expression want to know.
The word order is direct.
The tenses, pronouns and time and place expressions change as in statements.

YES/NO QUESTIONS
We introduce the reported question with
if or whether.
‘Have you finished?’
had finished.
‘Are there any apples left?’
any apples left.
He asked me
if/whether
I
He asked
if/whether
there
were

WH- QUESTIONS
‘ left the fridge open?’
had left the fridge open.
We introduce the reported question with the same
question word.
‘ did they go there?’
they had gone there.
Who
He asked
who
Why
He wanted to know
why

REPORTED IMPERATIVES

We use the reporting verbs
tell, order, command, ask + smb + to-infinitive
still!’
to sit
a word!’
a word.
‘Sit
He told me
still.
‘Don’t say
He told me
not to say

SOME REPORTING VERBS
agree, claim, offer, promise, refuse + to-infinitive
advise, allow, ask, order, warn + smb + to-infinitive

УПРАЖНЕНИЯ
WHAT IS CORRECT?
She asks, “Where is Wales situated?”
1.She asks where is Wales situated?
2.She wonders where Wales is situated.
3.She asks, «Where Wales is situated?»

WHAT IS CORRECT?
She asks, “Is Wales situated on the Isles?”
1.She asks if Wales is situated on the Isles.
2.She asks if is Wales situated on the Isles?»

PUT THE SENTENCES INTO THE REPORTED SPEECH
Tom said,
1. ‘ My farther is in hospital.’
2. ‘ Nora and Jim are getting married next month.’
3. ‘ We had a conference yesterday.’
4. ‘ I've been playing tennis for an hour.’
5. ‘Nick has come to London today.’
6. ‘ I don't know what Fred is doing now.’
7. ‘ I work 14 hours a day.’
8. ‘ I'll watch this film tomorrow.’
9. ‘I can keep your secret’
10. ‘ These days we usually have lunch in the nearby cafe.’