Fungi: recyclers, pathogens, parasites, and plant partners

Phylogeny of Fungi
Domain Eukarya
Kingdom Fungi
Fungi are classified as a kingdom that is separate from plants, animals, and bacteria
Fungi have cell walls that contain chitin, unlike the cell walls of plants, which contain cellulose.
Phylum ……. (4)

Absorptive Heterotrophy
Ex:
Rhizopus stolonifer
Fungi secrete digestive enzymes, breaking down large food molecules in environment

FUNGI
Common fungi:
yeasts
molds
mushrooms

Important phylum of
Kingdom Fungi
Phylum Chytridiomycota (chytrids)
Phylum Zygomycota (zygomycetes)
Phylum Ascomycota (ascomycetes)
Phylum Basidiomycota
(club fungi)
Phylum Glomeromycota
(mycorrhizae)

Phylogeny of Fungi
Phylum Chyridiomycota
Oldest
Saprobic
Rhizoid – “root like” feeding organs
Live in fresh water/moist Env
Ex: Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis
Unknown mode..
Keratin in skin?
Respiration affected

Phylogeny of Fungi
basidium – club shaped structure that develops during sexual reproduction
Most recognizable fungi
Phylum – Basidiomycota
Club – Fungi
Fruiting body

Structure of Fungi
Most fungi are mycelial (filamentous)
*Cap/Pileus
*Gills/Lamellae
* Hyphae
*Mycelium
My

Phylogeny of Fungi
Zygospore Fungi
Phlyum Zygomycota
The name comes from zygosporangia, where resistant spherical spores are formed during sexual reproduction
1,000 species
Arguably the most ecologically diverse group of fungi
Terrestrial
Soil, organic matter, poo

Phylogeny of Fungi
Phlyum Zygomycota
Pilobolus

Phylogeny of Fungi
Phlyum Zygomycota
Black bread mold
Rhizopus stolonifer

Phylogeny of Fungi
Phylum – Ascomycota
Majority of fungal species (50,000)
Ascus – sac like contain asopsores
* Examples of sac fungi are yeasts , truffles,& penicillin

Phylogeny of Fungi
Phylum – Ascomycota
Sac Fungi or Sac Fungi
*Terrestrial / free-living
Ascus – fingerlike sac that develops during sexual reproduction

Phylogeny of Fungi
Phylum – Ascomycota
Yeast
Saccharomyces cerevisia

Phylogeny of Fungi
Phylum – Ascomycota
Claviceps purpurea
Ergot –in grain
Claviceps purpurea
Ergotism
Synthesizes LSD

Phylogeny of Fungi
Ascomycetes –symbiotic relationships with algae to form…………

Fungi as Symbionts
Lichen
an association between fungus and green alga.
Exact relationship is unknown.

Fungi as Symbionts
Mycorrhizas
mutualistic relationships between soil and fungi