History Of Lebanese Civil War

History of Lebanese civil war(1975-1990)
Causes of war
Effects of war on human level
Effect of war on economical level
Results of the civil war
End of war

Definition of civil war
The Lebanese civil war is a bloody war and a complex conflict that lasted for more than 16 years and 7 months in Lebanon (April 13,1975-October 13 1990) and its roots go back to conflicts and political concessions during the period of French mandate over Lebanon and Syria.

Causes of war
It began on April (13,1975)when there was a fail attempt to assassinate the maronite leader pierre Gemayel by Palestinian gunmen which led to the death of his companion joseph abou assi. In response to this incident, the ain al rummana incident occurred in which a civilian bus was attacked and there were palastinian passengers, which led to death of 27 people.

Effects of war on human level
During the civil war, assassinations were widespread, famine spread, poverty increased, and human losses amounted to about 150,000 people and a lot of people were reported missing.

Effects of war on economical level
The civil war caused massive damage to Lebanon's economic infrastructure, reduced national production by half, and impeded Lebanon's status as a banking center in the middle east, and unemployment increased.

Results of the civil war
The percentage of Christian dominance is 55:45, replaced by a representation for 50 for Christians 50 for muslims
Strengthening the powers of the Muslim prime minister
Disarming all the Lebanese and non-Lebanese militias.
Extraction of the Palestine liberation organization from Lebanon.
The spread of the Syrian army over most of the Lebanese territory until April 5, 2005
Increasing Syrian influence in Lebanon
Conflict in southern Lebanon
The emergence of hezboallah

End of civil war
The Lebanese civil war ended with the exclusion of Michel Aoun and the empowerment of the government of Elias hrawi, and with born of Lebanese parliament in march 1991 of a low amnesty for all crimes that had occurred sine 1975. in may all miltias were dissolved except of hezboallah, and the process of building the Lebanese army as a national, non-sectarian army began.