23.04. uneployment

The purpose of this report is to analyze youth unemployment, provide an overview on the extent of youth unemployment in the Siberian Federal District, identify its main reasons and consequences.
The object of study is youth unemployment.
The subject of this research is labor market in the Siberian Federal district.

Youth unemployment around the globe has become a major challenge in the 21st century. It is one of the most urgent economic and social problems facing modern Russia.

At the end of 2014 there were on average 81 million unemployed persons aged 15-24 and 620 million persons of that age group in the labor market. This gives a highest youth unemployment rate in the evaluation period. In 2015, the proportion of young people aged 15 to 29 was 42.4% of the total number of unemployed.

Among them the proportion of young people under the age of 20 was estimated at 6.2%, young people aged 20 to 29 – 36.2%. At the same time one in six survey respondents graduated from an education institution. According to the survey, unemployment may be a smaller problem for the youth aged 15-24 because it typically is of shorter duration.

To identify the reasons for youth unemployment we conducted a questionnaire survey at the international College of cheese-making in Barnaul. There were 60 college graduates who responded to set questionnaires. All participants completed their studies in 2015 and were qualified to work as: hairdressers, seamstresses, and social workers.
The survey analysis shows the following reasons for youth unemployment:
- 26% of the respondents reported that they had been dismissed for different reasons;
- 74% of the respondents were unable to find a job after graduation.

In their struggling to find a job:
- 6 % of all respondents did not take any action in this regard.
- 8% of all respondents registered with the State Employment Agency as unemployed;
- 10% of all respondents asked their family and friends for job search help;
- 14 % tried to find a job through job advertisements and recruitment agencies;
- 62% independently searched for job vacancies without registering with the local unemployment office;

More than a half 42% indicated that they had to refuse a job offer, 58% accepted a job proposal.
The respondents declined a job offer for the following reasons:
- high salary expectations -74%;
- poor working conditions-11%;
- the proposed work is unrelated to received specialty -11%;
- other reasons-4%.

There are a number of causes of youth unemployment:
1. The skills and qualifications of the graduates do not match employer’s expectations.
2. The lack of practical skills. Youth graduates are most likely to have gained less job-specific experience.
3. High salary expectations among young specialists.
4. The uncertainty of labor and professional interests.

Also, today the majority of adolescents and young people are not psychologically prepared for the current economic situation in the country. Entering the labor market, unemployed graduates cannot get a job offer that would match their high self-esteem and expectation on career promotions. They don’t want to wait; they need to have everything at once.

The study makes it possible to draw the following conclusions. There are many reasons behind the problem of youth unemployment: besides the socio-economic situation in the country, one might mention education and training systems, the deformation of young people’s values, psychological unpreparedness, improper motivation.