Assessment Design and Specifications

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What makes assessment necessary?

Teachers want to know what parts of the course

What makes assessment necessary? Teachers want to know what parts of the
cause difficulties and require special attention
Teachers want to know what progress students have made
Students want to know their strengths and weaknesses
Parents want to know how their children are doing


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What makes assessment necessary?

Universities want to choose the best applicants for enrollment
Teachers

What makes assessment necessary? Universities want to choose the best applicants for
want to know whether the students are coping with the programme
Employers want to choose the best applicant for the job


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What forms of assessment do you use with your students?

Test
Portfolio
Project work
Observation
Case

What forms of assessment do you use with your students? Test Portfolio
study
Interview, oral questions
Experimental work, etc


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Testing & assessment



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EVALUATON

TESTING

Testing & assessment PROSET - TEMPUS EVALUATON TESTING

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What is a test?

Any procedure for measuring
ability
knowledge,

What is a test? Any procedure for measuring ability knowledge, or performance.
or performance.
(Longman Dictionary of Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics)

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What is a test?

A test is a measurement instrument designed to elicit

What is a test? A test is a measurement instrument designed to
a specific sample of individual’s behaviour. … a test necessarily quantifies characteri-stics of individuals according to explicit procedures. (L.F. Bachman. Fundamental Considerations in Language Testing, 1990)

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Test as an instrument of assessment (measurement)
WHY
WHAT
HOW

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Test as an instrument of assessment (measurement) WHY WHAT HOW PROSET - TEMPUS

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What types of tests do we use?

Test Purposes
Proficiency tests
Achievement tests
Placement

What types of tests do we use? Test Purposes Proficiency tests Achievement
tests
Diagnostic tests


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What types of tests do we use?

Direct vs Indirect
Discrete Point

What types of tests do we use? Direct vs Indirect Discrete Point
vs Integrated
Objective VS Subjective
Low stakes vs High stakes
Norm-referenced vs Criterion-referenced


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Norm-referenced testing: the bell curve
Number
of
students
0 25 50 75 100
Score (points)

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Norm-referenced testing: the bell curve Number of students 0 25 50 75
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The Assessment Cycle: where does a test begin?


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The Assessment Cycle: where does a test begin? PROSET - TEMPUS

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What kinds of information should be available about a test?
WHY
WHAT
HOW


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What kinds of information should be available about a test? WHY WHAT HOW PROSET - TEMPUS
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Test specification

– the official statement about what the test tests and

Test specification – the official statement about what the test tests and
how it tests it … to be followed by test and item writers
Multilingual Glossary of Language Testing Terms. CUP, 1998
Test design statement
Blueprint
Task and item specifications


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Test design statement

the purpose, the knowledge, skills or abilities it is

Test design statement the purpose, the knowledge, skills or abilities it is
intended to assess
the resources available
the uses of the results, the intended impact of its use


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Blueprint

content
methods
scoring


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Blueprint content methods scoring PROSET - TEMPUS

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Test tasks

Prompt (a reading/listening text, an essay question, a picture to

Test tasks Prompt (a reading/listening text, an essay question, a picture to
describe)
Response (ticking a box, giving a short answer, describing a picture, etc)


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The building blocks of a test

Instructions
Item
Stem
Options
Distractors
Key


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The building blocks of a test Instructions Item Stem Options Distractors Key PROSET - TEMPUS

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Responses Brown & Hudson, 1998

Selected response
Constructed response
Personal response


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Responses Brown & Hudson, 1998 Selected response Constructed response Personal response PROSET - TEMPUS
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Responses: EGE

Selected response
Выбор ответа
(A1-A7, A8-A14, A15-A23)
Short response
Краткий ответ
(B1,

Responses: EGE Selected response Выбор ответа (A1-A7, A8-A14, A15-A23) Short response Краткий
B2, B3, B4-B10, B11-B16)
Constructed response
Свободно конструируемый ответ (C1, C2)


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Task & item specifications

How many items are included in each task?
What

Task & item specifications How many items are included in each task?
area of knowledge, skill or ability is assessed in each task?
What should the test-taker do (instructions)?
How are scores on each item and task determined?


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One and the same specification for all?

Test-takers
Item writers
Test validators
Users of test

One and the same specification for all? Test-takers Item writers Test validators
results


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The same type of specification for a classroom test and EGE?

EGE specification:

The same type of specification for a classroom test and EGE? EGE

11 pages
12 parts (sections)
4 tables
an appendix


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