Содержание
- 2. The Doric In their original Greek version, Doric columns stood directly on the flat pavement (the
- 3. The Ionic Ionic shafts were taller than Doric ones. This makes the columns look slender. They
- 4. The Corinthian The Corinthian order is the most decorative and is usually the one most modern
- 5. The Tuscan In the Tuscan order, the column had a simpler base and was unfluted, while
- 6. The Composite The composite order is a mixed order, combining the volutes of the Ionic order
- 7. The Giant In Classical architecture, a giant order is an order whose columns or pilasters span
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Слайд 2The Doric
In their original Greek version, Doric columns stood directly on the
The Doric
In their original Greek version, Doric columns stood directly on the
![The Doric In their original Greek version, Doric columns stood directly on](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/377810/slide-1.jpg)
Of the three columns found in Greece, Doric columns are the simplest. They have a capital (the top, or crown) made of a circle topped by a square. The shaft (the tall part of the column) is plain and has 20 sides. There is no base in the Doric order. The Doric order is very plain, but powerful-looking in its design. Doric, like most Greek styles, works well horizontally on buildings, that's why it was so good with the long rectangular buildings made by the Greeks. The area above the column, called the frieze [pronounced "freeze"], had simple patterns. Above the columns are the metopes and triglyphs. The metope [pronounced "met-o-pee"] is a plain, smooth stone section between triglyphs. Sometimes the metopes had statues of heroes or gods on them. The triglyphs are a pattern of 3 vertical lines between the metopes.
Слайд 3The Ionic
Ionic shafts were taller than Doric ones. This makes the columns
The Ionic
Ionic shafts were taller than Doric ones. This makes the columns
![The Ionic Ionic shafts were taller than Doric ones. This makes the](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/377810/slide-2.jpg)
Ionic Column: Volute with the spiral that ends in a circle, the so-called "eye" The column fluted with usually 24 flutes deeper than in the Doric order, separated by a thin bands (fillets). The volute rests on the echinus decorated with the egg-and-dart ornaments.
«Just so afterwards, when they desired to construct a temple to Diana in a new style of beauty, they translated these footprints into terms characteristic of the slenderness of women, and thus first made a column the thickness of which was only one eighth of its height, so that it might have a taller look. At the foot they substituted the base in place of a shoe; in the capital they placed the volutes, hanging down at the right and left like curly ringlets, and ornamented its front with cymatia and with festoons of fruit arranged in place of hair, while they brought the flutes down the whole shaft, falling like the folds in the robes worn by matrons» Vitruvius
Слайд 4The Corinthian
The Corinthian order is the most decorative and is usually the
The Corinthian
The Corinthian order is the most decorative and is usually the
![The Corinthian The Corinthian order is the most decorative and is usually](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/377810/slide-3.jpg)
Слайд 5The Tuscan
In the Tuscan order, the column had a simpler base and
The Tuscan
In the Tuscan order, the column had a simpler base and
![The Tuscan In the Tuscan order, the column had a simpler base](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/377810/slide-4.jpg)
Слайд 6The Composite
The composite order is a mixed order, combining the volutes
The Composite
The composite order is a mixed order, combining the volutes
![The Composite The composite order is a mixed order, combining the volutes](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/377810/slide-5.jpg)
Grandest of the Roman Orders, essentially an ornate version of the eight-voluted Ionic capital known as the angular capital or Scamozzi Order under which are added two tiers of acanthus-leaves. Its entablature is also very ornate. It bears a resemblance to the Corinthian Order and is also called the Compound Order.
The composite entablature uses the same common proportions as the Corinthian entablature. The elements of the cornice are delineated by five equal divisions. There is a cymatium (cyma recta) sitting at the top of the cornice and then the corona with its cyma reversa and smooth fascia. The most distinctive feature of the entablature is a dentil band placed below the cyma reversa. There is an ovolo below the dentils. A conge angles down into the higher moldings of the architrave. Below the moldings, there are two separate bands. The Composite order base uses one bead to separate the two scotias, while the Corinthian uses two beads. The lower scotia is also a little larger than the upper scotia. .
The Composite capital contains an echinus and astragal set below the abacus. The abacus is made up of an ovolo, fillet, conge, and fascia. There is a cylindrical bell below the abacus. The lower part of the capital is adorned with two rows of acanthus leaves, similar to the Corinthian. Each pair of caulicoli located at the leaves’ second tier ends in a single bud or flower facing each other. Between the bud and the abacus, the astragal and echinus (with egg-and-dart motif) are placed. From the base of the abacus, the volutes continue down to sit on the second tier of leaves. Sprigs of honeysuckle are used to spring from the fillet of the volute, filling in the space next to the egg-and-dart. Above the echinus, each volute contains a fleuron which is usually leafier than the Corinthian version.
Слайд 7The Giant
In Classical architecture, a giant order is an order whose columns
The Giant
In Classical architecture, a giant order is an order whose columns
![The Giant In Classical architecture, a giant order is an order whose](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/377810/slide-6.jpg)