The Past Perfect TenseПодготовила: Злобина И. Г., учитель английского языка лицея «Созвездие» №131 г. Самары

Глагол в форме Past Perfect выражает действие, которое завершилось до определенного момента или другого действия в прошлом.
They had finished the work by 6 o'clock yesterday. — Они закончили работу вчера к 6 часам.
Mary had got asleep before her mother came home.— Мэри уснула прежде, чем её мама пришла домой.
Past Perfect образуется с помощью вспомогательного глагола had и III формы основного глагола.

Обратите внимание!
Past Perfect употребляется для выражения предшествования. Если описываются действия, которые следовали друг за другом, употребляется Past Simple.
Сравните:
She did some shopping, came home and cooked dinner. — Она сделала покупки, пришла домой и приготовила ужин.
Before she cooked dinner, she had done some shopping. — Прежде чем она приготовила ужин, она сделала покупки.

(+) He had read the book, before he saw the film.
(?)Had he read the book before he saw the film?
(-) He hadn’t read the book, before he saw the film.
Yes, he had.
No, he hadn’t.
S
had
V3
S
had
V3
s
Had
V3
not
?
Past Perfect

by 6 o’clock yesterday – вчера к 6 часам
by 9 a.m. yesterday – вчера к 9 утра
before he came – до того, как он пришёл
by that time – к тому времени
after - после того, как
by the end of the year – к концу года, etc.
Указатели времени
Past Perfect

Общий вопрос (General Question)
Had he read the book before he saw the film? –
Yes, he had.
Альтернативный вопрос (Alternative Question)
Had he read the book or not before he saw the film?
Специальный вопрос (Special Question)
What had he done before he saw the film?
Разделительный вопрос (Disjunctive Question)
He had read the book before he saw the film, hadn’t he?
Вопрос к подлежащему (Subject Question)
Who had read the book before he saw the film? –
He had.

Sam had painted the picture
by 7 o’clock yesterday.
Sam

Roman had cooked dinner
by 6 o’clock yesterday.
Roman

The plane had taken off before Mrs Evans arrived to the airport.
take off
arrive
before
Mrs Evans

Sally had fallen asleep before her father came home.
Sally
fall asleep
before