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Hip hop is a form of musical expression and artistic culture that originated in African-American, and Latino communities during the 1970s in New York City, specifically the Bronx.
DJ Afrika Bambaataa outlined the four pillars of hip hop culture: MCing, DJing, breaking and graffiti writing. Other elements include beatboxing.

Hip-hop culture - born on the
dusty streets of big cities
among the tall buildings
many factories
busy highways

The phrase hip hop is a combination of two separate slang terms—"hip", used in African American Vernacular English (AAVE) as early as 1898, meaning current or in the know, and "hop", for the hopping movement.

The history of rap music or hip hop music begins in the early '70s. Most music buffs know hip hop music history has a rich past with its roots in several related music styles. If you look at history rap music, it clearly shows its origins and influences in the popular African American and Latino street culture of New York City and surrounding areas.
In fact, today hip hop music is one of the fastest growing and most popular forms of music in America or the world.

Most rap music typically includes one or more rappers who often rap about their own personal life stories, important events in their lives, or social problems they wish to make a public statement about.
Rap songs can also represent romanticized or fictional themes. The sky is the limit. Musically, rap songs usually have a strong rhythmic aspect with the spoken lyrics emulating the intense rhythm of the beat. Rap songs are known to make use of many poetic techniques including simple word rhymes and alliteration.