Screw-cutting lathe

IN 1712, THE MECHANIC OF PETER THE GREAT, ANDREI KONSTANTINOVICH NARTOV (1693-1756), INVENTS AN ORIGINAL LATHE-COPYING AND SCREW-CUTTING MACHINE WITH A MECHANIZED SUPPORT AND A SET OF REPLACEABLE GEAR WHEELS.
A. Nartov 1723
THE COPYING LATHE PROCESSES THE PART BY COPYING, AND THE SCREW-CUTTING LATHE CAN CUT THE THREAD

FOR EFFECTIVE PROCESSING OF PRODUCTS MADE OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METAL, IT IS NECESSARY TO ACQUIRE A UNIVERSAL EQUIPMENT, WITHOUT WHICH NO PRODUCTION CAN DO - A SCREW-CUTTING LATHE. SUCH A DEVICE IS CAPABLE OF PERFORMING A VARIETY OF TASKS (CUTTING, PROCESSING CYLINDRICAL AND CONICAL PRODUCTS, ETC.).
THE EQUIPMENT IS USED FOR SUCH WORKS:
CUTTING;
THREAD CUTTING (MODULAR,INCH, ETC.)
TURNING WORKS
DRILLING
PROCESSING AND CHAMFERING
COUNTERSINKING

MAIN WORKING UNITS SCREW-CUTTING LATHE
ALL THE MAIN UNITS OF THE MACHINE ARE MOUNTED ON THE BED.
THE FRONT UNIT (HEADSTOCK) IS A STARTING DEVICE FOR ROTATING THE WORKPIECE TO BE PROCESSED. IN ITS CASE THERE IS A GEARBOX.
THE BACK ASSEMBLY (HEADSTOCK) HOLDS THE DRILL, ZINC AND REAMER WHEN MACHINING HOLES.
THE SPINDLE AND SPINDLE START THE FEED BOX. IT ALSO CHANGES THE NUMBER OF THEIR TURNS.
THE APRON IS THE CONVERTER OF THE ROTARY MOVEMENTS OF THE TRAVEL SHAFT AND THE SCREW INTO THE LINEAR MOVEMENT OF THE CALIPER.
THE APRON IS THE CONVERTER OF THE ROTARY MOVEMENTS OF THE TRAVEL SHAFT AND THE SCREW INTO THE LINEAR MOVEMENT OF THE CALIPER.
THE MAIN DIFFERENCE BETWEEN LATHE AND SCREW-CUTTING LATHE IS THE PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF ONE PART - THE LEAD SCREW. IN THE LATTER, THIS DETAIL IS PRESENT, SO THAT THE DEVICE CAN PERFORM THREADING WITH A CUTTER.

PRODUCTS MADE ON A SCREW-CUTTING LATHE
MESH (KNURLED) CORRUGATION ON A CYLINDRICAL PART
REAMING HOLES
TURNING
DRILLING A THROUGH HOLE