Architecture Styles in America

The Outline
1:COLONIAL STYLES
2:EARLY NATIONAL AND ROMANTIC STYLES
3:VICTORIAN STYLES
4:PERIOD STYLES
5:MODERN STYLES
6:POSTMODERN STYLES
White House

COLONIAL STYLES
Early colonial styles(1680~1790s)
Georgian styles (1700~1850)
Federal styles (1780~1850)

EARLY COLONIAL STYLES
Cape cod
Saltbox
Dutch colonial
Colonial
rectangular , symmetrical

Medieval English Saltbox house
Cape cod
Dutch colonial

Georgian styles
Typical feature: Symmetrical structure
Windows of same size with five windows right below the eave

Federal/Adam styles
balustrade
fanlight
Dentil molding
Cornice
Palladian window(typical)
Low-pitched roof, or flat roof with a balustrade
Semicircular fanlight over the front door
Windows arranged symmetrically around a center doorway
Tooth-like Dentil moldingsTooth-like Dentil moldings in the cornice
Palladian window

2:EARLY NATIONAL AND ROMANTIC STYLES
A:Greek Revival (1800-1855)
B:Gothic Revival (1840-1880)
(Churches through 1940s)
C:Italianate (1850-1880)

Washington, D.C. Capital Building
Washington, D.C. Supreme Court building
Boston, MA. Cathedral Church of St. Paul. c.1820-1833
Greek Revival (1800-1855)

NATIONAL
STYLE

Low—pitch ,hipped roof
Round columns
Dentil cornice
Wide band of trim
Greek temple

vertical board-and-batten siding
steeply-pitched gable roof
pointed-arch windows
decorated vergeboards under the eaves
Gothic Revival (1840-1880)

St.Paul’s Cathedral(London)
Trinity Church (New York)
St.Paul’s Cathedral
Trinity Church

Italianate (1850-1880)
low-pitched roof
widely overhanging eaves with decorative brackets
square cupola on the top

3:VICTORIAN STYLES
A:Second Empire (1860-1885)
B:Romanesque Revival (1870-1900)
C:Queen Anne (1880-1900)
D:Folk Victorian (1880-1910)

Second Empire
(1860-1885)
This is the typical second empire achitecture .
It includes a Mansard roof, pavilions and square towers[not round].
Bellefonte,PA

See other gorgeous architecture
Omaha hotel
Branford.CT

Romanesque Revival
(1870-1900)
Polychromed walls
Syrian arches
Sculpted shapes
Bardstown.KY
Unique styles:

Other Examples:
St.Joseph’s School
Lenawee County Courthouse
Saint Joseph’s Catholic

Queen Anne Architecture (1880-1910)
Ornamental details - spindlework ("gingerbread" ornamentation)
Distinguishing feature - decorative wall surfaces (wood shingle pattern common)
Steeply pitched roof; irregular shape
Asymmetrical facade
One story porch along one or both sides
Cutaway bay window

Famous buildings in this style

Folk Victorian houses usually have these features:
Square, symmetrical shape
Brackets under the eaves
Porches with spindlework or flat, jigsaw cut trim
Some Folk Victorian homes have:
Carpenter gothic details
Low-pitched, pyramid shaped roof
Front gable and side wings
Folk victorion style

4:PERIOD STYLES
A:COLONIAL REVIVAL (1910-1940)
B:Tudor Revival (1910-1940)
C:BEAUX ARTS (1893-1929)
D:Neoclassical (1893-1940)
E:Italian Renaissance (1910-1940)
F:SPANISH REVIVAL (1910-1929)
G:Mission Revival (1900-1940)
H:PUEBLO REVIVAL (1912-now)
(SANTA FE STYLE)

A:COLONIAL REVIVAL (1910-1940)

B:Tudor Revival (1910-1940)

C:BEAUX ARTS (1893-1929)

D:Neoclassical (1893-1940)

E:Italian Renaissance (1910-1940)

F:SPANISH REVIVAL (1910-1929)

G:Mission Revival (1900-1940)

H:PUEBLO REVIVAL (1912-now)
(SANTA FE STYLE)

MODERN STYLES
Craftsman/Bungalow
Art Deco/Art Moderns
International

Craftsman/Bungalow (1900-1920)
IDENTIFYING FEATURES: low, gabled, one or one-and-a-half storied house; front pitch of roof extended to shelter a large porch (incised porch).
Pasadena, CA. Gamble House, c.1908. One of Greene and Greene‘s “Ultimate Bungalows”. This is a prototype for the Bungalow style in America.

ART DECO, ART MODERNE (1925-1940)
Art deco:an emphasis on the vertical
Art moderne:an emphasis on the horizontal
IDENTIFYING FEATURES:
ART DECO: Smooth wall surface, often stucco; smooth-faced stone and metal; polychromy, often with vivid colors; forms simplified and streamlined; geometric designs ; machined and often metallic construction materials for decorative features.
ART MODERNE: Smooth, rounded wall surfaces, often stucco; flat roof with small ledge at roofline; horizontal grooves or lines in walls ; casement/corner windows or other horizontally arranged windows; metal balustrades; glass-block windows, often curved.

International (1950-1980)
Los Angeles, CA. Photo taken of two "tube" buildings, or modern "glass box" office towers, of the same genre as the late World Trade Center towers

6:POSTMODERN STYLES
A:POSTMODERN RESIDENTIAL (1980-)
B:Postmodern Commercial (1980-current)

A:POSTMODERN RESIDENTIAL (1980-)
Postmodern house qualities:
Sense of "anything goes": Forms filled with humor, irony, ambiguity, contradiction
Juxtaposition of styles: Blend of traditional, contemporary, and newly-invented forms
Exaggerated or abstract traditional detailing
Local materials and traditions are not necessarily used or considered

For living

B:Postmodern Commercial (1980-current)
88 Phillip Street, 144 Macquarie Street, Sydney 2000
Architects:Renzo Piano Building Workshop S.r.I.
Year (end):2000
Floors:41
Height (tip):219 m
Height (structural):188 m
Height (roof):155m
Function:Office
Style:Postmodern

For business

Now let’s look at the famous American buildings again: