Civil law

Home assignment 4
Statute on Business Partnerships (Закон РК “О хоз. товариществах”)
Statute on Corporations (Закон РК от “Об акционерных обществах”)
Statute on LLP (Закон о Товариществе с огран. ответственностью)
Please see them on the L-Drive

Terms
Physical entities – физические лица
Legal entities – юридические лица
Local Governments – административно-территориальные единицы
Legal capacity - Правоспособность
Deed Capacity - Дееспособность
Majority – совершеннолетие
IE = Individual Entrepreneur = Индивидуальный предприниматель

Plan
Parties to Civil Relationships
Physical entities
Legal Capacity
Deed Capacity
Business Activity of Physical Entities

Table

III. Parties (chapter 2, KZ Civil Code)
Physical entities
Legal entities
Government
Local governments
Parties – субъекты гражданско-правовых отношений

Example
Larissa made a will (завещание)
where she gave USD 1 mln. to
her dog Sharik.
Can Sharik inherit the money?

Example
Larissa made a will (завещание)
where she gave USD 1 mln. to
her dog Sharik.
Can Sharik inherit the money?
Sharik is not a physical or legal
entity, he is not a republican or
local government.
Он не субъект гражданских
отношений.

III. Parties (chapter 2, KZ Civil Code)
Physical Entities?
Физические
лица?

III. Parties (chapter 2, KZ Civil Code)
Physical
Entities?
Физические
лица?

1. Physical Entities
ART. 12, CIVIL CODE
KZ citizens
Foreign Citizens
People without citizenship

1. Physical Entities
Legal Capacity
Правоспособность
Deed Capacity
Дееспособность

1. Physical Entities
Legal Capacity
Правоспособность

A. Legal Capacity (art. 13 and 14,
KZ Civil Code)
Starts with birth
Ends with death

Question for discussion
Six year old girl Lena
pointed at the real bus,
and said “I want this
bus!!!”
Can Lena be an owner
of the bus?

Question for discussion
Can
a 2 year old boy
Sereja own a factory?

Question for discussion
Six year old girl Lena
pointed at the real bus,
and said “I want this
bus!!!”
Can Lena be an owner
of the bus? Art. 13 & 14

Question for discussion
Can
a 2 year old boy
Sereja own a factory?
Art. 13 & 14

A. Legal Capacity (art. 13 and 14, KZ Civil Code)
Title
Inheritance
Freedom of movement and residence
Freedom to leave and come back into the country

A. Legal Capacity (art. 13 and 14, KZ Civil Code)
Company’s Registration
Transactions
Debts
Intellectual Property
Damages, etc

1. Physical Entities
Deed Capacity
Дееспособность

B. Deed Capacity (art. 17, KZ Civil Code)
Starts at 18 years of age
Or with Marriage

B. Deed Capacity (art. 27, KZ Civil Code)
Maybe limited by court in the event of
Drug or alcohol abuse of a person,
which causes severe financial distress to his family

Example
Let’s assume that:
a 2 year old Misha owns a factory.
Does he have to pay taxes?

Example
Let’s assume that:
a 2 year old Misha owns a factory.
Does he have to pay taxes? Art. 13 & 14

C. Business Activity of Physical Entities

C. Business Activity of Physical Entities
When people are to register as IE?

Example 1
Let’s assume that Andrei is a
student at KIMEP.
He would like to earn money, and
starts to trade cars. It is not a big
business, just one car per year.
Does he have to register as
Individual Entrepreneur?

Example 2
Let’s assume that Andrei hires a
person to transport a car from
Germany to KZ.
Does he have to register as
Individual Entrepreneur?
What does it mean hire? (Labor or Civil Contract)

Example 1 & 2
art. 19 of the Civil Code
art. 157, Tax Code
art. 8, Statute on Budget