Коварные диаграммы

Какую шкалу выбрать?
Зависит от контекста и цели.

В жизни таких графиков не бывает? Бывает и не такое!

Что не так с этой диаграммой?

Внимание на три точки слева и на крайнюю правую.

In mid-December, the White House tweeted: “Good news: America’s high school graduation rate has increased to an all-time high.?”

Важно правильно выбрать тип диаграммы.

«The only #climatechange chart you need to see.»
This is the chart we should all think about when someone says line charts should always have a y-axis starting at zero. A change of even one degree in the average global temperature is significant, but starting this chart at zero makes it look miniscule.

#NROgraphics

А как на самом деле?
Не всегда стоит брать ось от нуля

Продажи Burger King в три раза больше продаж Starbucks.
Но площади логотипов отличаются в 9 раз!

Gizmodo was trying to demonstrate that the new iPad battery gained 70% in capacity. They did this by making the battery on right 70% taller than the battery on left. However, since they also expanded the width of a cylinder, the implied volume has skyrocketed of the battery. Whoops.

Возраст, с наступлением которого разрешается потребление спиртных напитков – везде 19 лет, кроме трех провинций, где 18. Но шкалы…

Чтооооо?

Fox News really got this wrong. First of all, if we lost 15 million jobs in one quarter this country would be a lot worse off than it actually was. The points don't actually follow a straight line, something you don't notice because there isn't actually a Y-axis. The four points are also not equidistant with time.
Media Matters

I never thought it was possible but I actually understand soccer less after looking at this chart.
И просто плохие диаграммы:

Дыни?

При чем тут круговые диаграммы?

DataLiteracy
Edward Tufte — the guy who invented the word "chartjunk" — personally held this up as the worst chart ever. Why?
The colors may induce ocular bleeding, it's in three dimensions for no reason, the Y-axis is broken twice, The chart only communicates five numbers — it's showing the breakdown of students under 25 and over 25 over 5 years — and the top section is inexplicably inverted.

В этой диаграмме прекрасно все.

The next two are from Dr Karl Broman's page of the worst charts he's encountered in scientific literature. This chart — which took up half of a page — indicated that all values were zero.

Three dimensional ribbons are likewise a senseless way to tweak a line graph.
Wall Street Journal

Oops…
Wall Street Journal