Problem-based learnig

Содержание

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What is Problem-Based Learning?

An instructional method which focuses on the investigation and

What is Problem-Based Learning? An instructional method which focuses on the investigation
resolution of messy, “real world” problems as a context for students to learn critical thinking and problem solving skills

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Benefits(польза) of PBL

Makes learning relevant to the real world (and answers the

Benefits(польза) of PBL Makes learning relevant to the real world (and answers
dreaded question…)
Moves learning from a passive activity to an active activity -- learning becomes the act of discovery
Increases motivation -- students are more engaged, interested, and energetic learners as they make a personal investment in the outcome of their inquiry

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Comparison of teaching methods

Role of Teacher:
As expert:
Directs Thinking
Holds Knowledge
Evaluates Students

Role of Student:
As

Comparison of teaching methods Role of Teacher: As expert: Directs Thinking Holds
receiver:
Inert (бездеятельный)
Inactive (неактивный)
Empty (без нагрузки)

Lecture

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Comparison of teaching methods

Role of Teacher:
As conductor:
Orchestrates learning
Guides rehearsal (повторение)
Evaluates(оценивать) Students

Role of

Comparison of teaching methods Role of Teacher: As conductor: Orchestrates learning Guides
Student:
As follower:
Responsive (ответный)
Semi-active (полу активный)
Waiting to be lead

Direct Instruction

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Comparison of teaching methods

Role of Teacher:
As coach:
Presents problematic situation
Models, coaches, and fades
Engages

Comparison of teaching methods Role of Teacher: As coach: Presents problematic situation
in process as co-investigator (со-исследователь)
Assesses(оценивать) learning

Role of Student:
As participant:
- Investigates and resolves problem from the inside

Problem-Based Learning

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Teachers = Active Coaches
Diagnosing needs
Mentoring learning
Encouraging process
Questioning thinking

Teachers = Active Coaches Diagnosing needs Mentoring learning Encouraging process Questioning thinking

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Step 1. Create a PROBLEM

Find a real life situation with multiple solutions

Step 1. Create a PROBLEM Find a real life situation with multiple
that interests the students
Organize the students into teams

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Step 2. Problem analysis

Students list known facts
List unknowns
Research unknowns

Step 2. Problem analysis Students list known facts List unknowns Research unknowns

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Step3. Test theories

Students must model the situation to test their theories
Students

Step3. Test theories Students must model the situation to test their theories Students generate possible solutions
generate possible solutions

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Step 4. PRESENTING

Students select the solution that best fits
Students present their

Step 4. PRESENTING Students select the solution that best fits Students present their solutions and methods
solutions and methods

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Step 5. Performance Assessment (оценка)

Goal is for teacher to assess LEARNING
Teacher typically

Step 5. Performance Assessment (оценка) Goal is for teacher to assess LEARNING
assesses culminating performance via a rubric -- on content, presentation skills, teamwork, and fit of solution.

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Assessment Options

Video

Presentation

Panel Discussion

Patient Consultation

Letter to a committee

Web page

Report

Map

Debate

Charts

Proposal

Assessment Options Video Presentation Panel Discussion Patient Consultation Letter to a committee

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Step7. Debriefing(опрос,итог)

Consider the following questions as a way of providing closure:
Were the

Step7. Debriefing(опрос,итог) Consider the following questions as a way of providing closure:
strategies you used to solve the problem effective? What would you do differently?
What can you do now that you didn’t think you could do before?
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