Problem-based learnig

What is Problem-Based Learning?
An instructional method which focuses on the investigation and resolution of messy, “real world” problems as a context for students to learn critical thinking and problem solving skills

Benefits(польза) of PBL
Makes learning relevant to the real world (and answers the dreaded question…)
Moves learning from a passive activity to an active activity -- learning becomes the act of discovery
Increases motivation -- students are more engaged, interested, and energetic learners as they make a personal investment in the outcome of their inquiry

Comparison of teaching methods
Role of Teacher:
As expert:
Directs Thinking
Holds Knowledge
Evaluates Students
Role of Student:
As receiver:
Inert (бездеятельный)
Inactive (неактивный)
Empty (без нагрузки)
Lecture

Comparison of teaching methods
Role of Teacher:
As conductor:
Orchestrates learning
Guides rehearsal (повторение)
Evaluates(оценивать) Students
Role of Student:
As follower:
Responsive (ответный)
Semi-active (полу активный)
Waiting to be lead
Direct Instruction

Comparison of teaching methods
Role of Teacher:
As coach:
Presents problematic situation
Models, coaches, and fades
Engages in process as co-investigator (со-исследователь)
Assesses(оценивать) learning
Role of Student:
As participant:
- Investigates and resolves problem from the inside
Problem-Based Learning

Teachers = Active Coaches
Diagnosing needs
Mentoring learning
Encouraging process
Questioning thinking

Step 1. Create a PROBLEM
Find a real life situation with multiple solutions that interests the students
Organize the students into teams

Step 2. Problem analysis
Students list known facts
List unknowns
Research unknowns

Step3. Test theories
Students must model the situation to test their theories
Students generate possible solutions

Step 4. PRESENTING
Students select the solution that best fits
Students present their solutions and methods

Step 5. Performance Assessment (оценка)
Goal is for teacher to assess LEARNING
Teacher typically assesses culminating performance via a rubric -- on content, presentation skills, teamwork, and fit of solution.

Assessment Options
Video
Presentation
Panel Discussion
Patient Consultation
Letter to a committee
Web page
Report
Map
Debate
Charts
Proposal

Step7. Debriefing(опрос,итог)
Consider the following questions as a way of providing closure:
Were the strategies you used to solve the problem effective? What would you do differently?
What can you do now that you didn’t think you could do before?