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Medicine
Medicine
History of medicine Prehistoric medicine incorporated plants (herbalism), animal parts and minerals. In many cases these materials were used ritually as magical substances by priests, shamans, or medicine men. Early records on medicine have been discovered from early Ayurvedic medicine in the Indian subcontinent, ancient Egyptian medicine, traditional Chinese medicine, the Americas, and ancient Greek medicine. Early Grecian doctors Hippocrates, who is also called the Father of Modern Medicine and Galen laid a foundation for later developments in a rational approach to medicine. Islamic medicine and medieval medicine collided during the crusades, with Islamic doctors receiving mixed impressions. As the medieval ages ended, important early figures in medicine emerged in Europe, including Gabriele Falloppio and William Harvey. SURGERY The earliest operations on the pericardium (the sac that surrounds the heart) took place in the 19th century and were performed by, among others, Francisco Romero, Dominique Jean Larrey, Henry Dalton, and Daniel Hale Williams. Surgery has many subspecialties, e.g. general surgery, trauma surgery, cardiovascular surgery, neurosurgery, maxillofacial surgery, orthopedic surgery, otolaryngology, plastic surgery, oncologic surgery, vascular surgery, and pediatric surgery. Surgical specialties employ operative treatment. In addition, surgeons must decide when an operation is necessary, and also treat many non-surgical issues.
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Conditional Sentences. Условные предложения
Conditional Sentences. Условные предложения
1 тип условных предложений Условные предложения 1 типа выражают реальные, осуществимые предположения. Такие условные предположения чаще всего выражают предположения, относящиеся к будущему времени. В условных предложениях 1 типа, относящихся к будущему, глагол в придаточном предложении (условии) употребляется в Present Indefinite, а в главном предложении (следствии) – в Future Indefinite. В соответствующих русских условных предложениях будущее время употребляется как в главном, так и в придаточном предложении. главное предложение придаточное предложение (условие) (следствие) + Future Indefinite Present Indefinite If the weather is fine tomorrow, we shall go to the country. Если погода будет замечательной сегодня, то мы поедем в деревню. I shall give you the book if you return it next week. Я дам тебе книгу, если ты ее вернешь на следующей неделе.
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Popular music of America
Popular music of America
By the end of the 90th and the early 2000s American pop music consisted mainly of two at the time of popular genres - a hip-hop and R’n’B, consisting mainly of teenage groups. Well-known prima donna and strengthen their status in the U.S. and the International scene. American pop industry has made ​​great contribution to pop music in many countries. Many of the performers were equal to stars of the American scene, they tried to imitate thereby earning popularity in his country. We will not go far, Russian pop music for more than half consists of pirated American images. Thus confirming the influence of American pop music and claiming it as a trendsetter of style in general. That success owes America a large number of ethnic group residing on its territory. Each culture and folk music styles of each of them have been reworked and are closely intertwined, song endeared new, more sophisticated styles of music that becamepopular in the future. MICHAEL JACKSON Michael Joseph Jackson (August 29, 1958, Gary - June 25, 2009, Los Angeles) - Legendary American actor, winner of the title "King of Pop", dancer, songwriter, philanthropist, businessman. One of the most successful artists in history, winner of 15 Grammy awards and hundreds of other prizes. 13 times is listed in the Guinness Book of Records, has sold a billion copies of the album Jackson. In 2009, officially recognized as a legend of pop music and the Icon of Music. Michael Jackson has made a significant contribution to the development of popular music, video, dance and fashion. Michael Jackson died on June 25, 2009 from an overdose of drugs, including propofol.
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Sights of New York
Sights of New York
New York. New-York (New York) (officially New York City, in abbreviated form N.Y. And N.Y.C., a nickname «Big apple», Big Apple), a city in the northeast USA, the State of New York. The largest city of the country, together with numerous suburbs forms one of the world's largest city agglomerations. It is located in a mouth of the river Hudson with numerous gulfs and the channels forming convenient harbors. Actually New York occupies the space nearby 800 км2, including a part прилежащего islands Land Islands. It is divided into five large administrative areas (Manhattan, Bronx, Brooklyn, Queens and Stejten-Ajlend) as which borders passages and channels serve. The population of 8,1 million persons (2004), the Big New York together with suburbs of 21,2 million persons (2004), agglomeration of the Big New York together with Philadelphia (the second in the world on number after Tokyo) makes 30,1 million persons (2004). The largest economic, political, trading-financial, scientific and cultural centre of the USA. History of opening and formation of New York. The first of Europeans the New York gulf have opened Italian researcher Dzh. Yes Verrazcano (in 1524) and the English seafarer G.Gudson (in 1609). According to the advice of Hudson, the Dutch Vest-Indsky company in 1626 has based on coast of a gulf settlement under the name New Amsterdam. In 1647-1664 the settlement remains under the aegis of Holland. In 1664 it has been grasped by Englishmen, in 1674 definitively the city became English possession and has been renamed into New York. The city status has received in 1686. In 1700 in a city lived nearby 5 000 the person, the city has been connected to Bronx the bridge the Kings'-bridge. From the middle 18 century became one of the struggle centre for independence. In September 1765 in New York there has passed the stamp duty Congress (meeting of 27 delegates from 9 colonies on which the petition to the king and parliament of England has been made). Since 1766, in a city often there passed skirmishes between the Anti-British organization «Sons of freedom» and the British armies. The first large collision has occurred in January 1770. In 1774 in New York the leaflet with an appeal has been printed to call the Continental congress, the English deputy has been compelled to leave a city before independence has been declared. During war in 1776 for long seven years the city has been occupied by the British armies (New York has fallen into decay, the population was reduced, many buildings have seriously suffered during two strongest fires). Only in 1783 army of J. Washington has occupied a city.
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