Fruits

Plan:
Fruits known as angiosperms
The fruit consists of a pericarp and seeds.
Types of Fruits
Use of Fruits
Conclusion
Literature

In botany, a fruit is a seed structure in flowering plants (also known as angiosperms) formed from the ovary after flowering.

Fruits are the means by which the angiosperms spread the seeds. Edible fruits, in particular, spread with the movements of people and animals in symbiotic relationships as a means of seed dispersion and nutrition; in fact, people and many animals became addicted to fruits as a source of food. Accordingly, fruits make up a large part of the world's agricultural production, and some (for example, apple and pomegranate) have acquired extensive cultural and symbolic meanings.

The fruit consists of a pericarp and seeds. In the pericarp there are distinguished: the skin or the outer thin part - the exocarp; the middle one, which may be juicy or dry, is the mesocarp; inner leather, membranous, sometimes lignified, endocarp (called bone). The most typical structure has such fruits as bones.

In the process of maturation in the pericarp accumulate sugars, vitamins, fats and other substances.
Functions of the pericarp: protects the seed from adverse environmental factors, contributes to the spread of seeds.

According to the condition of the pericarp, dry fruits, having a dry, lignified pericarp, and juicy, having a fleshy, juicy pericarp are distinguished

Simple fruits can be either dry or fleshy, and result from the ripening of a simple or compound ovary in a flower with only one pistil. Dry fruits may be either dehiscent (they open to discharge seeds), or indehiscent (they do not open to discharge seeds). Types of dry, simple fruits, and examples of each, include:achene, Capsule, caryopsis

Aggregate fruits form from single flowers that have multiple carpels which are not joined together, i.e. each pistil contains one carpel. Each pistil forms a fruitlet, and collectively the fruitlets are called an etaerio. Four types of aggregate fruits include etaerios of achenes, follicles, drupelets, and berries

A multiple fruit is one formed from a cluster of flowers (called an inflorescence). Each flower produces a fruit, but these mature into a single mass. Examples are the pineapple, fig, mulberry, osage-orange, and breadfruit.

Many fruits are used as feed for livestock, as well as for obtaining medicines, dyes, etc. Fruits of weed plants litter the soil, worsen the quality of sowing, marketable and fodder grain and can cause poisoning. Morphological features of the fruit make it possible to determine the types of plants. The science that studies the fruits is called carpology.

Conclusion:
The fruits and seeds ripen in the sun, they bring us the energy of the sun. But that is not all. The fruit contains vitamins, without which we can not be healthy. The fruit is an important organ of a flowering plant that provides for the development, maturation, protection and distribution of seeds.