Articles with geographical names

We do not use articles with continents, e.g.
Europe
Asia
North America
South America
Africa
Australia

We do not usually use articles with geographical areas, e.g.
Eastern Europe
Western Europe
Central America
Siberia

But “the” is used with:
the Far East
the Middle East
the North Pole
the South Pole

We do not use articles with names of countries. But we use “the” with the names of countries if they include words such as:
state
republic
kingdom
federation

Russia

The Russian Federation

Great Britain

The United Kingdom

Exceptions:
The Netherlands
The Ukraine
The Sudan
The Vatican City

We do not use articles with the names of cities, towns, villages.

Moscow

Saint Petersburg

Rome

Exceptions:
The Hague

“The” is also used with of-phrases, e.g.

The city of Moscow

The city of Saint Petersburg

We do not use articles with the names of
streets
avenues
highways
squares

Sixth Avenue

Red Square