Passive_Voice

Passive Voice
Active Voice
In English there are two ways to describe actions
Действительный залог
Страдательный залог
compare
Millions of people read this magazine.
Mary translated the article.
We will finish this work tomorrow.
This magazine is read by millions of people.
The article was translated by Mary.
This work will be finished tomorrow.
Пассивный залог используется, когда нам более важен объект действия, а не тот, кто его совершил.
При этом объект или предмет, над которым совершалось действие, встаёт на место подлежащего.

TO BE
V
3/ed
Forms of the verb in Passive Voice
V3/ed
V3/ed
V3/ed

Prepositions
by
with
употребляется перед предметом или объектом, совершившим действие
употребляется перед предметом, с помощью которого было совершено действие
Mary painted the fence with a special brush.
The fence was painted
by Mary.
The fence was painted
with a special brush.
Many beautiful museums in London are often visited by tourists.
The cheese was cut with a special knife.

Упражнение 1. Переведите на русский язык.
Breakfast was cooked by our mother.
The new rule was explained to us at the English lesson.
The story was written by Chekhov.
This sports centre was visited by lots of people.
This sports game is often played at P.E. lessons.
I was born in Moscow.
I will be sent to the competition.

Упражнение 2. Выберите правильный вариант и переведите на русский язык.
The news programme ( is watched / watched ) by millions of people every day.
The Mona Liza ( painted / was painted ) by Leonardo da Vinchi.
The new cinema ( be built / will be built ) next year.
New pop groups ( are much spoken / is much spoken ) about among teenagers.
Alexander Pushkin’s first poem ( was written / written ) when he was fourteen.
The letters (be sent / will be sent ) by post tomorrow.
The translation (was finished / were finished ) two hours ago.
London ( visited / is visited ) by hundreds of tourists every year.
The dinner ( be / will be ) ready in an hour (через час).

Упражнение 3. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present, Past или Future Simple Passive.
Tom always (to ask) at the lessons.
I (to ask) at the last lesson.
Our country house (to finish) next year.
The dog (to find) by my sister yesterday.
This work (to do) tomorrow.
This text (to translate) at the last lesson.
These trees (to plant) every autumn.
Many interesting games always (to play) at our P.E. lessons.
This bone (to give) to my dog tomorrow.
We (to invite) to a concert last Saturday.

Упражнение 4. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present, Past или Future Simple Passive.
My question (to answer) yesterday.
Hockey (to play) in winter.
His new book (to finish) next year.
Flowers (to sell) in shops and in the streets.
St. Petersburg (to found) in 1703.
Bread (to eat) every day.
Nick (to send) to Moscow next week.
I (to give) a very interesting book at the library last Friday.
Many houses (to build) in our town every year.