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- 2. Sociological Research Topics Sociologists: – Study the influence that society has on people’s attitudes and behavior
- 3. Sociology and Common Sense Sociologists do not accept something as fact because “everyone knows it” Findings
- 4. What Good Is Sociological Theory? Theory: set of statements that seeks to explain problems, actions, or
- 5. The scientific method includes selecting a researchable problem, reviewing the literature, formulating a hypothesis, creating an
- 6. Sociology and Science ● Sociology is a type of science, a logical system that bases knowledge
- 7. Research, Values, and Biases ● Sociologists strive for objectivity, a state of personal neutrality in conducting
- 8. ● Because sociologists are part of the social world they study, being value-free when conducting social
- 9. ● Research is effected by the characteristics of the researcher. We have to strive to overcome
- 10. Value Free Research and Research with Values – The case of Gender -Research is affected by
- 11. Methods of collecting data Sociologists use the following methods Surveys Experiments Participant observations Secondary Analysis
- 12. Survey Research ● A survey is a research method in which subjects respond to a series
- 13. Understanding and using statistical data Reading Tables: An Important Skill. A table provides a lot of
- 14. Experiments ● An experiment is a research method for investigating cause and effect under highly controlled
- 15. Participant Observation Participant observation is a method by which researchers systematically observe people while joining in
- 16. Steps in the conduct of Scientific Sociological Research 1. Select a topic guided by sociological perspective
- 17. ►Formulating the Hypothesis Steps in the Research Process Hypothesis: testable statement about relationship between two or
- 18. ►Formulating the Hypothesis Steps in the Research Process Causal logic: relationship between a condition or variable
- 19. Collecting and Analyzing Data ►Ensuring Validity and Reliability Validity: degree to which a measure or scale
- 20. Collecting and Analyzing Data Selecting the Sample Sample: selection from a larger population that is statistically
- 21. The Basic Concepts of the Social Scientific Method Concepts, variables, and measurement. 1. Concepts are mental
- 22. Developing the Conclusion ●Supporting Hypotheses Sociological studies do not always generate data that support the original
- 23. Finally…. The interplay of theory and method. Inductive logical thought is reasoning that builds specific observations
- 24. Research Ethics Code of Ethics: first published by ASA in 1971 Maintain objectivity and integrity in
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