Style or stylistics

Different situations
of communication
Different manners
of expressing the thoughts
Different functional styles

stylistics
Linguistics
Linguistics

Linguistics
Functional styles
Expressive means
and devices
of language

Michail Lomonosov
18th
century
Lofty style and low style of speech

Stylistics
Middle
20th
century
Singled out

V.V. Vinigradov
The colloquial style
aim of
communicating
The official
and scientific styles
aim of
informing
The publicist
and belle-letters styles
Emotional
impact
aim of

communication
direct
indirect
The colloquial style
official
scientific
publicist

Particular relations
between
the interlocutors
Particular attitude
of the speaker
to what he says
Choice of style depends on
Informal style
formal style
Emotionally
colored
‘cold’ style
neutral
Two types of Stylistic information

Emotionally colored speech
lofty
Solemn
Passionate
Ironic
Wrathful
Sarcastic
low
Humorous
Derogatory
Rude
Disapproving
Endearing

Stylistic differences
Language
means
phonetic
lexical
grammatical

English vocabulary
bookish
colloquial
neutral
child
kid
Infant
offspring

1) daddy, ancestor, father
2) Get away, retire, leave, get lost, withdraw, go away
3) continue, proceed, go on
4) commence, start, Come on!, get started

Neutral words
Denotational meaning
bookish
colloquial
have
Connotations
(additional meaning)

connotation
Humorous:
Derogatory:
(непочтительный)
An endearing:
(ласкательный)
Rude:
Ironical:
Beak ( =nose), Shut up,
mummy,
Brain-wash,
to kick the bucket,
Rot,
shut your trap,
trash,
Daddy,
stuff

C
O
N
N
O
T
A
T
I
O
N
An endearing:
Derogatory:
Humorous:
Rude:
Ironical:
Beak ( =nose), to kick the bucket
Rot, trash, stuff
(=silly)
Daddy, mummy
Shut up, shut your trap
Brain-wash,
a pretty kettle of fish

Stylistically colored words
Good
Bad
Ugly
Beautiful
etc.

English
Standard
Non-Standard
Fixed in written language,
TV speech, radio, etc
dialects
varieties
Used on the territory of GB
The English language of the USA, Canada, Australia, etc.

dialects
Northern
+ Scottish dialect
Southern
+’cockney’

Scottish dialect
The Gaelic language
The Scottish
Ex.:
Bairn (=child) auld (=old)
Haggis (=pudding) loch (=lake)
House [hu:s] down [du:n]
Stone [stain] bone [bain]
Dance [daens] last [laest]
Hear [ia] heart [a:t]