The language situation in the US

Plan
U.S. Population
Languages ​​in the U.S.
The lower-middle level of English
Percent of population speaking other languages ​​(at home) (2007 data)
Spanish as the primary (data for 2005-2009)
German language as a primary
French as a primary
Chinese as a primary
American English: History
English-only movement
English Plus movement
States with two or more official languages
Southern dialects Southern dialects
The northern, western and central dialects
African-American English
Spanish English

U.S. Population (statistics for 2011)
Население – 309, 469, 203

Languages ​​in the U.S.
English (up to 2011. Was not an official at the federal level)
Spanish (Texas, California, New Mexico)
French (Louisiana and Maine)
German (North and South Dakota)
Slavic languages ​​(Illinois, New York, New Jersey, Connecticut)
Chinese (California, New York, Hawaii, Massachusetts)
Korean (Hawaii, California, New Jersey)

Languages ​​spoken at home (2008 data)

The lower-middle level of English
At 24,252,429 people in the U.S. English level lower than the average (data for 2005-2009)

Percent of population speaking other languages ​​(at home) (2007 data)

Spanish as the primary (data for 2005-2009)

German language as a primary

French as a primary

Chinese as a primary
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American English: History

The English-only movement
movement for the establishment of American English as the sole official language
1914: Theodore Roosevelt: "We have room for only one language in this country"
1980: Dade County, Florida: confirmation of «anti-bilingual ordinance»
1981: English declared the official language in Virginia

The English-only movement
1983: Dr.. John Tanton and Senator S. Hayakawa: The political lobbying organization «US English (organization) »(against the Spanish domination) of the Organization: Larry Pratt:« English First »(1986), Lou Zeske« American Ethnic Coalition »
1994: John Tanton: «ProEnglish»
1996: «English Language Empowerment Act»: English recognized «the language of official business»
1999: «Bill Emerson English Language Empowerment Act» English the official recognition of the efforts
2005: «The English Language Unity Act» an attempt to recognize the official English
2011: «The English Language Unity Act of 2011" for the official English (pending)

English Plus movement
1987: The response to the «English-only movement»
Concept:
English is the official language, but:
provide opportunities for all immigrants to exercise the rights and responsibilities of full participation in society, maintaining commitment to the society of pluralism, tolerance, and diversity
encourage the development of the first language an immigrant, which will contribute to the development of language skills, social
preserve and strengthen the full range of policies and programs of language assistance to ensure that all members of society equal opportunities to exercise their rights and responsibilities: the electoral process, education, legal system, social security and health care

States with two or more official languages
English + Hawaii: Hawaii (since 1978)
English + French Louisiana (from 1807)
Commitment to the concept of "English Plus": New Mexico (1989), Oregon (1989) Rhode Island (1992), Washington (2007-8, to be confirmed)

Dialects of American English
regional
social
age
professional

Southern dialects
The consonant "r" at the end of the word is used for the longitude of the preceding vowel: car ['kɑ:]
If at the end of the word "ng", then the speech is heard only the "n": workin '[' wɜ: kiŋ]
Instead of "i" pronounced "e"

The northern dialects
Long and short vowels sound the same
Rhotic and non-rhotic
The Western dialects:
The influence of Hawaiian, Hispanic
Prefer short vowels
Rhotic
The central dialects:
The long vowel sound as soon as Rhotic
Regional dialects

African-American English
«Ebonics» (the working class, "street" language
«Negro non-standard English» (1960)
«Black vernacular English» and «Black English» (1970-80)
1997: «Ebonics» - the official dialect of English
Lack rotatsizma, that is, [r] after vowels and syllables at the end of fall
The end-ing in a pronounced [n] and written as-in ';
Freestyle rearrangement of the adjacent consonants: graps instead grasp; aks instead of ask
English: I won't tell you again, please shut the door. Ebonics: I ain tellin you no mo ', shet de do'!