Vitamins

General
By the end of XIX century it was known:
Nevertheless the specific disorders (beri-beri, scurvy, pellagrs etc.) were developing
1911 Funk obtained the substance that prevent beriberi from brane of rice and gave it’s the name - Vitamin (vita – life)
5th element

Metabolism and functions
blood
cell
transport
Vit.
Vit.
Coenzyme
Regulators, protectors
(A, D, E, K)
modification
The two main functions:
Serve as the coenzyme for the composite enzymes
Serve as regulators (D, A), protectors (A, E) and other specific functions (vision)
Active form

Vitamin B1
В1 (Thiamine)
Formation of active form
2АТP
2АДP
Thiamin В1
Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)

Витамин B1
Biological role:
Oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate
pyruvate Acetyl-CoA (Metabolism of CH and energy)
α-ketoglutarate Succinyl-CoA (Metabolism of energy)
Interconversions of pentoses (транскетолазная реакция)

Vit. B2
В2 (Riboflavine)
B2 has 2 coenzyme forms: FMN и FAD

Vitamon B2
Biological role:
Transfer of hydrogen atoms
Desorder: Dermatitis
stomatitis, glossitis
angular stomatitis
Seborrhea
FАD + SH2 FАD·H2 + S
FМН + NADH2 ФМD·H2 + NAD+

Vit. B3
В3 or РР (Niacin)
Niacin
2 coenzyme forms: NAD+ NADP+

Biological role:
Hydrogen atoms transfer
NAD+ + SH2 NAD·H + S
NADP+ + SH2 NADP·H + S
Витамин B3
Desorder : pellagra (3 «D»)
Dermatitis of the exposed to sunlight sites of skin
Dementia
Diarrhea

Биологическая роль:
Витамин B5
Перенос ацильных групп (Цикл Кребса, обмен ВЖК и пр.)
Заболевание:
Понос
Дерматит
Остановка роста
Поседение шерсти, аллопеция
Повреждение нервной ткани, почек, надпочечников, сердца
Pantos!!!

Vit. Bc
Вc (Folic acid)
Coenzyme form: Tetrahydrofolic acid (THFA)