Phylogenetic disorders of skin

Contents
What are phylogenetic disorder

skin

What are phylogenetic disorder
Phylogenetic disorder are hereditary disorder which have presented themselves since a long time in a human population .
They have been present in the gene pool for a long period of time they
transferred from generations to generations .
It have been found from the perspective of time they give us new ideas
About their evolution and couse of evolution.
They are inherited from our anscesters .

Why disease are inherited
>>Although genetic factors play a part in nearly all health conditions and characteristics, there are some conditions in which the genetic changes are almost exclusively responsible for causing the condition. These are called genetic disorders, or inherited diseases.
>>Since genes are passed from parent to child, any changes to the DNA within a gene are also passed. DNA changes may also happen spontaneously, showing up for the first time within the child of unaffected parents. This is referred to as a new mutation, where the word mutation means change.
Sometimes this change can cause mistakes in the protein instructions, leading to production of a protein that doesn't work properly or cannot be made at all. When one protein is missing or not working as it should, it can cause a genetic disorder.

Genetics of Skin Disorder
Genetic diseases are mainly affecting the skin and its appendages. These are caused by single-gene mutations. Genetic skin disorders are also called as genodermatoses. Nearly forty four skin diseases are there some of them are skin cancer, lupus, acne, psoriasis, hives, warts, carbuncle, and hyperhidrosis

ECZEMA
Eczema is sometimes called atopic dermatitis, which is the most common form. “Atopic” refers to an allergy. People with eczema often have allergies or asthma along with itchy, red skin
There are also some common symptoms for all types of eczema:
dry, scaly skin redness ,itching, which may be intense
SKIN CONDITION : dry, scaly skin redness ,itching, which may be intense

TYPES OF ECZEMA
Atopic dermatitis
Contact dermatitis
Dyshidrotic eczema
Hand eczema
Neurodermatitis
Nummular eczema
Stasis dermatitis

ATOPIC DERMATITIS
Atopic dermatitis (eczema) is a condition that makes your skin red and itchy. It's common in children but can occur at any age. Atopic dermatitis is long lasting (chronic) and tends to flare periodically. It may be accompanied by asthma or hay fever. No cure has been found for atopic dermatitis.
Symptoms: Itch; Xeroderma; Inflammation

CONTACT DERMATITIS
Contact dermatitis is a red, itchy rash caused by direct contact with a substance or an allergic reaction to it. The rash isn't contagious or life-threatening, but it can be very uncomfortable.
Many substances can cause such reactions, including soaps, cosmetics, fragrances, jewelry and plants.
To treat contact dermatitis successfully, you need to identify and avoid the cause of your reaction. If you can avoid the offending substance, the rash usually clears up in two to four weeks. You can try soothing your skin with cool, wet compresses, anti-itch creams and other self-care steps.

DYSHIDROTIC ECZEMA
Dyshidrotic eczema, or dyshidrosis, is a skin condition in which blisters develop on the soles of your feet and/or the palms of your hands. The blisters are usually itchy and may be filled with fluid. Blisters normally last for about two to four weeks and may be related to seasonal allergies or stress.
Symptoms: Itch
It's still used today, but dyshidrotic eczema is the most common term for the small, itchy blisters that appear on the edges of the fingers as well as the palms of the hands and soles of the feet, often quite suddenly. At their most severe, the blisters can be painful and even crippling.

HAND ECZEMA
Hand eczema, also known as hand dermatitis, is a common condition that affects about 10% of the U.S. population. Both genetics and contact allergens and irritating substances play a role in “triggering” this form of eczema.
It can cause itchy blisters on the hands, fingers, feet, and toes. It's often triggered by stress, moisture, and contact with certain metals such as nickel or cobalt. The key to both preventing and treating hand eczema is to find out what triggers it and avoid those triggers whenever possible.

SPOROTRICHOSIS
Sporotrichosis is a fungal infection of the skin caused by the fungus Sporothrix schenckii, which is found on decaying vegetation, rosebushes, twigs, hay, sphagnum moss and mulch-rich soil. Because of its tendency to present after a thorn injury, it is also called rose gardener disease
Untreated, the nodule and the ulcer become chronic and may remain unchanged for years. In about 60% of cases, the mold spreads along the lymph nodes. Over time, new nodules and ulcers spread in a line up the infected arm or leg. These can also last for years
The usual treatment for sporotrichosis is oral itraconazole (Sporanox) for about three to six months; other treatments include supersaturated potassium iodide and amphotericin B in patients with more severe disease

PICTURES OF PATIENTS

CARBUNCLE
How do you get rid of carbuncles?
A carbuncle is a red, swollen, and painful cluster of boils that are connected to each other under the skin. A boil (or furuncle) is an infection of a hair follicle that has a small collection of pus (called an abscess) under the skin.
Symptoms: Fatigue; Boil; Fever
How do you get rid of carbuncles:-
You can generally treat small boils at home by applying warm compresses to relieve pain and promote natural drainage. For larger boils and carbuncles,
treatment may include:
Incision and drainage. Your doctor may drain a large boil or carbuncle by making an incision in it.

URTICARIA
Urticaria, also known as hives, is an outbreak of swollen, pale red bumps or plaques (wheals) on the skin that appear suddenly -- either as a result of the body's reaction to certain allergens, or for unknown reasons. Hives usually cause itching, but may also burn or sting.

PSORIASIS
Psoriasis is a skin disorder that causes skin cells to multiply up to 10 times faster than normal. This makes the skin build up into bumpy red patches covered with white scales. They can grow anywhere, but most appear on the scalp, elbows, knees, and lower back
What is the main cause of psoriasis?
Psoriasis is caused, at least in part, by the immune system mistakenly attacking healthy skin cells. If you're sick or battling an infection, your immune system will go into overdrive to fight the infection. This might start another psoriasis flare-up. Strep throat is a common trigger.
Which is the best treatment for psoriasis?
Topical corticosteroids (steroids, such as hydrocortisone) are very useful and often the first-line treatment for limited or small areas of psoriasis. These come in many preparations, including sprays, liquid, creams, gels, ointments, and foams.

LUPUS
Lupus is a long-term autoimmune disease in which the body's immune system becomes hyperactive and attacks normal, healthy tissue. Symptoms include inflammation, swelling, and damage to the joints, skin, kidneys, blood, heart, and lungs. The first symptoms of lupus usually occur somewhere between the teen years and the 30s and may be mild, severe, sporadic, or continual. Common general symptoms include fatigue, fever, and hair loss. Lupus can also affect individual organs and body parts, such as the skin, kidneys, and joints

CONCLUSION
WE SHOULD GET RID OF THIS AS SOON AS POSSIBLE AS IT SHOULD TAKEN MORE SERIOUSLY
PREVENTION IS BETTER THAN CURE
WE SHOULD TAKE CARE OF OUR PERSONAL HYGIENE
WE SHOULD LOOK AT THE PREVIOUS HISTORY OF THE FAMILY THAT HAVE DISEASE RUNNIG IN FAMILY

BE SAFE BE HEALTHY