BASICS OF INTONATION

SPEECH MELODY
The Pitch Component
is the variations in the voice pitch (the degree of voice highness or lowness) which take place when voiced sounds, especially vowels and sonorant, are pronounced in connected speech. The pitch of speech sounds is produced by the vibrations of the vocal cords

SENTENCE STRESS
is the greater prominence given to some words in a sentence as compared with the other words of the same sentence
In English the greater prominence is achieved by uttering the stressed words with greater force of exhalation and muscular tension than the unstressed words, as well as by a change in the pitch and by an increase in the length of stressed syllables of words in the sentence.

VOICE TIMBRE
is the ‘colour’ or ‘tonal quality’ of voice depending on the physiological properties and psychological state of a person

CLASSIFICATION OF VOICE TIMBRE

Pitch range
is the interval within the upper and lower level of voice variation

Pitch range

Tempo of Speech
is the relative speed or slowness of utterance which is measured by the rate of syllable succession, and the number and duration of pauses in a sentence

Tempo of Speech
Very Fast (Presto)
Fast (Allegro)
Accelerated (Allegretto)
Normal (Andante)
Moderate (Moderato)
Slow (Lento)
Very slow (Grave)

Rhythm
is a regular flow of speech in which stressed and unstressed syllables occur at definite intervals

Rhythm
Regular (regular rhythmical patterns)
Irregular (irregular rhythmical patterns)
Legato (connected)
Staccato (disconnectedly)

Pause
is an act of stopping in the flow of speech
The tempo of speech, rhythm and pauses constitute the temporal component of intonation

CLASSIFICATION OF PAUSES

BASICS OF INTONATION
The components of intonation form a unity, because they always function all together, and none of them can be separated from any other in actual speech