History & Mystery of the English language

The aims of the lesson:
To summarize the material of the previous lessons.
To learn the new words.
Get the new information about the British history.

Speaking English
Repeat the following words after the speaker

Speaking English
to include – включать
competition – соревнование
cooperation – сотрудничество
to inhabit – населять
immemorial – незапамятные
natives – коренные жители
to invent – изобретать
rune – руна
contribution – вклад
basic – основной
to remain – оставаться
to determine – определять
to invade – вторгаться
bath house - баня
way of life – образ жизни
immediately – сразу же
Christianity – христианство
to introduce – вводить
to raid – грабить
influence – влияние
kingdom – королевство
to describe – описывать

The History of the British Isles
The British Isles have a long history. It includes war and peace, drama and tragedy, competition and cooperation with different nations.

The Celts
The Celts inhabited Britain since the times immemorial. They can be called the natives of the British Isles.

The Celts
The Celts invented their own written language, but instead of letters they used runes. Many places of interest, such as Stonehenge, were also built by them.

The Celts
The Celtic contribution to the English language is not great. Only the basic words still remain in everyday use, such as:
go, eat, drink, be, father, mother, etc.
What sphere do they belong to?

The Romans
In the 44 AD the Romans invaded the British Isles.

The Romans
They built roads, walls, schools and bath houses. And of course, collected taxes. Soon most of the Celts got used to the Roman way of life.

The Romans
The Romans had brought many new words to the English language. The names of food (cherry, pear, wine), buildings (wall, street), etc.
Why do the Romans build such a great number of roads?

The Anglo-Saxons
The Romans left Britain in the 5th century. And immediately it was attacked by the German tribes - Angles, Saxons, Jutes.

The Anglo-Saxons
The natives couldn’t defend themselves. The Germans founded the first kingdoms and lived in peace with the Celts for a few centuries.

The Anglo-Saxons
The Anglo-Saxon words still remain in the English language. They mostly describe the household and family being.
- Lord, lady, bread, pork, cow, etc.

The Church
In the 6th century the Christianity was introduced in Britain. The new words came into the language:
- angel, altar, devil, the Bible.
Guess the meaning of these words!

The Vikings
From the 8th century the Vikings began to raid the British Isles. Finally they even got a piece of land – the so called Danelaw.

The Vikings
The words brought to the English language by the Vikings have something in common: sounds “s”, “sk”, “g”, for example:
- egg, sky, ship, skirt, sea, etc.

The Normans
In the 1066 AD William the Conqueror defeated the English king Harold in the battle of Hastings and became the king himself.

The Normans
The Norman influence on the English language was great! A lot of words from French came into it, for example:
village, army, soldier, religion, venison, beef, etc.

Summarizing:

Choose the right answer:
1. Who invaded Britain in the 5th century?
a) Romans b) Normans c) Germans
2. What was the nickname of king William?
a) the Noble b) the Conqueror c) the Deer
3. The Normans came from ….
a) France b) Russia c) USA d) China

Choose the right answer:
4. The Christianity was introduced in …
a) 6th century b) 11th century c) 44 BC
5. The Vikings …
a) raided Britain b) defended Britain
6. The runes were used by …
a) the Romans b) the Normans c) the Celts