Genetic algorithm. Phenotype

What is GA?
A genetic algorithm is a search technique used in computing to find true or approximate solutions to optimization and search problems.
GAs are categorized as global search heuristics.
GAs are a particular class of evolutionary algorithms that use techniques inspired by evolutionary biology such as inheritance, mutation, selection, and crossover.

The cell
Every animal cell is a complex of many small “factories” working together.
The nucleus in the center of the cell.
The nucleus contains the genetic information

Chromosomes
Genetic information is stored in the chromosomes
Each chromosome is built of DNA
Genes are encoded in the chromosomes
Genes code for proteins
Every gene has a unique position on the chromosome

Genotype and phenotype
Genotype is a set of chromosomes of a given individual. Therefore, genotypes or single chromosomes can be a special population.
A phenotype is a set of values ​​corresponding to a given genotype, i.e. allowed structure or set of task parameters.