Teeth anatomy and dental diseases

VOCABULARY
dental – стоматологический
to dedicate – посвящать
development – развитие
embryonic cells – эмбриональные клетки
to erupt – прорезываться
oral cavity – ротовая полость
to masticate, to chew – жевать
tiny – крошечный
to provide – обеспечивать
shape – форма, вид
mouth – рот
to divide – делить(ся), разделяться(ся)
crown - коронка
root – корень
gum line – линия десен
to involve – участвовать
actual – настоящий
ridge – гребень
surface – поверхность
to aid – помогать
to anchor – закреплять(ся)
bony socket – костная (зубная) лунка
alveolus – альвеола
tapered – конический
resembling – напоминающий, похожий
exterior – внешняя сторона
to cover – покрывать(ся)
bone-like – костяной
fiber – волокно
cementum – цемент
grip – захват
periodontal ligaments – пародонтальные связки
surrounding – окружающий, соседний

Teeth Anatomy (Part 1)
Dental anatomy is a field of anatomy dedicated to the study of human tooth structures. Tooth development is the complex process by which teeth form from embryonic cells, grow, and erupt into the mouth.
The teeth are a group of hard organs found in the oral cavity. We use teeth to masticate (or chew) food into tiny pieces. They also provide shape to the mouth and face and are important components in producing speech.
A tooth can be divided into two main parts: the crown and root. Found above the gum line, the crown is the enlarged region of the tooth involved in chewing. Like an actual crown, the crown of a tooth has many ridges on its top surface to aid in the chewing of food. Below the gum line is the region of the tooth called the root, which anchors the tooth into a bony socket known as an alveolus.
Roots are tapered structures resembling the roots of plants, and each tooth may have between one to three roots. The exterior surface of the root is covered in a bone-like mixture of calcium and collagen fibers known as cementum. Cementum provides grip for the periodontal ligaments that anchor the root to the surrounding alveolus.

VOCABULARY EXERCISES
1. Fill in the correct word.
Bone-like, oral, embryonic, gum, exterior, complex
…….. mixture …..… line
…….. cavity ……… surface
…….. cells ……… process
2. Match the terms with the definitions.
1. Root a) a hole or a space inside something
2. Crown b) something artificial that is put intobody in a medical operation
3. Implant c) the part of the tooth that is visible
4. Cavity d) the portion of a tooth that is covered by cementum
5. Pulp e) the part of the inside of a tooth