lesson 2

Phonetic warm-up
Lead – lid
If-it-tip –kit
Did – bill
Mil –meal
Pill – peal
Keel –kill
Sit – seat.

Phonetic warm-up 2
There those thousand thinkers were thinking how did the other three thieves go through.
The thirty-three thieves thought that they thrilled the throne throughout Thursday.
Wayne went to Wales to watch walruses

Grammar time:
Passive voice
Залог глагола :
1. Человек или предмет совершает действие сам (Active voice):
I broke my car.
2.Объект сам не совершает действие, а подвергается влиянию извне (Passive voice):
The car was broken

Quote
We have not passed that subtle line between childhood and adulthood until we move from the passive voice to the active voice – that is, until we have stopped saying “It got lost,” and say, “I lost it.” (Sydney J. Harris)

Сases:
1.Факт совершения действия гораздо важнее, чем его исполнитель:
The towels were not used yesterday.
2.Мы не знаем, кто совершил действие:
The bank was robbed.
3.Когда мы не хотим говорить, кто именно это сделал:
The holiday is spoiled.

Make up a sentence
1.Ставим предмет/человека, над которым совершается действие на первое место в предложении :
A boх (коробка)
A car (машина)
Animals (животные) .
2.Ставим на второе место глагол to be в нужном времени:
A boх is…. Коробка….
A car was…. Машина была….
Animals will be…. Животные будут…
3. Само действие (глагол), которое совершается над объектом, ставим в форму причастия прошедшего времени (Past Participle):
A box is delivered. Коробка доставлена .
A car was sold. Машина продана.
Animals will be saved. Животные будут спасены.

4. Если действие осуществляется при помощи какого-либо предмета, то используется предлог with. Мы ставим with в конец предложения, а после него сам инструмент :
The streets are covered with snow. – Улицы покрыты снегом.
The picture will be painted with a pencil. – Картина будет нарисована карандашом.
5. Если действие осуществляется при помощи какого-либо человека или группы людей, то мы используем предлог by. Мы ставим его в конце предложения, а после него действующее лицо :
The documents were sent by teacher. – Документы отправлены учителем.
They were asked about the concert by journalists yesterday – Вчера журналисты спросили их о концерте.

Famous people of Great Britain.

Great Britain is very rich with outstanding people and always was. There are lots of famous British musicians, sportsmen, scientists, writers, explorers and so on. One of the most important people of the mankind was Charles Darwin, who was a great explorer, scientist and a writer. He has travelled around the world carefully studying the origin of people and some animals and then he produced his famous "On the origin of species" book, where he stated that all human creatures originated from some simpler creatures through evolution and natural selection. Another outstanding Englishman, who has changed the course of literature and theater development, was a great writer William Shakespeare. Thanks to him everybody in the world knows the story of "Romeo and Juliet". One of the most influential changes in music world was brought by the famous English rock band "Beetles". Some of the band leaders are already gone, but their music is still as popular as it used to be decades ago.

Isaac Newton was another great man in the world of science. This prominent Englishmen is considered to be a founder of physics. Many of the famous English men are buried in Westminster Abbey, in London. Speaking about contemporary celebrities of Great Britain, it's important to mention some well-known country leaders, such as Queen Elizabeth II, who has been a monarch of the country for almost 60 years by now. Among well-known Britons some sportsmen are worth mentioning, such as David Beckham - a famous footballer, Paula Radcliffe - a famous athlete, Steve Redgrave - a famous rower and many others. Great Britain can be also proud by some of her prominent artists, such as Thomas Gainsborough, William Hogarth, Sir Joshua Reynolds, John Constable and several others.