Plant Parts and Functions

Parts of The Plant
Roots
Leaves
Stem
Flower
Seed
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Roots
2 Types of Root Systems
Taproot
Fibrous System
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Roots
Taproot System
Primary roots grow down from the stem with some secondary roots forming
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Roots
Fibrous Root System
Small lateral roots that spread out just below the soil surface
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Can you identify these root types?

Root Functions
Absorption of water and nutrients
performed by root hairs
Transportation of water and nutrients to stem
Anchor plant to maintain stability
Store food and water
Roots have 4 primary functions

Parts of the Root
Epidermis
Outermost layer of cells, like the skin of the root
Cortex
Tissue inside epidermis that stores starch and other substances for the growth of the root

Parts of the Root
Root Cap
Provides protection for the root tip
Root Hairs
Site of absorption
Vascular Tissue
Within cortex, contains cells that transport water, nutrients, and minerals to all parts of the plant
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Important Functions of Leaves
Photosynthesis
Process that plants use to produce their food
6CO2 + 6H2O ?C6H12O6 + 6O2
Transpiration
Loss of water and exchange of carbon dioxide

Leaf Parts
Blade
Main body of leaf
Petiole
Attaches blade to stem
Midrib
Large central vein
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Leaf Parts
Apex
Tip of leaf
Base
Attaches to petiole – if petiole is absent, attaches directly to stem
Margin
Edge of leaf
Epidermis
“Skin” of leaf - responsible for gas exchange
Stomata
Outside layer of leaf opening in epidermis where gas and water exchange
Mesophyll
Middle layer of leaf where photosynthesis occurs

Functions of the Stem
Transport water and nutrients from roots to leaves
Supports leaves, fruit, and flowers
Food storage
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Parts of the Stem
Node
Areas where side branches and leaves develop
Internode
Area between nodes
Xylem
Carries nutrients up
Phloem
Carries nutrients down
Pith
Stores food
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Flower Function
Flowers are pollinated by:
Wind
Insects
Birds
Sexual Reproduction!!!!

Flower Parts
Pistil
Female part of plant
Containing:
Stigma
Style
Ovary
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Flower Parts
Stamen
Male reproductive part
Contains
Anther
Filament
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Flower Parts
Petals
Highly colored part of the flower, may contain perfume and/or nectar glands
Sepals
Small green structures on the base of a flower that protect the flower bud
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Parts of the Seed
Embryo
Growing part of seed containing:
Plumule – “Shoot”
Hypocotyl – Stem
Radical – “Root”
Endosperm
Tissue that provides nutrition for the developing seed
Cotyledon
Food Storage
Seed Coat
Protective outer covering of the seed