Слайд 2STYLISTIC ASPECTS OF TRANSLATION
Handling Stylistically-Marked Language Units
Handling Stylistic Devices
![STYLISTIC ASPECTS OF TRANSLATION Handling Stylistically-Marked Language Units Handling Stylistic Devices](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-1.jpg)
Слайд 3Handling stylistically-marked language units
In different ____________________the language ______ select words of different_______________.
![Handling stylistically-marked language units In different ____________________the language ______ select words of](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-2.jpg)
The translator __________________the _________ status of the __________ text, by using the ____________of the same ______or, failing that,________ __________________________.
Слайд 4Handling stylistically-marked language units
The ____________________effect of the text is created with the
![Handling stylistically-marked language units The ____________________effect of the text is created with](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-3.jpg)
help of ________ ________________________devices.
The speaker may ___________________he mentions in his own way thus giving his________________________________.
Such ___________________________give much ___________to the translator since their meaning is often__________________.
Слайд 5Handling stylistically-marked language units
Some _______become _______through ____________ and they may have ___________equivalents
![Handling stylistically-marked language units Some _______become _______through ____________ and they may have](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-4.jpg)
in TL,
e.g. true love —_____________, dead silence —______________, good old England -_________________________.
In most cases, however, the translator has to____________________________, which often requires an _____________of the broad context.
Слайд 6Handling stylistically-marked language units
____________________units may also be certain types of____________________.
________________may be
![Handling stylistically-marked language units ____________________units may also be certain types of____________________. ________________may](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-5.jpg)
_____as an example.
Another common type includes __________ indirect _________of various objects or “_____________________".
A _________________of paraphrases is a characteristic feature of the________________________.
Слайд 7Handling stylistically-marked language units
Some of the paraphrases are ___________ from such _______________as
![Handling stylistically-marked language units Some of the paraphrases are ___________ from such](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-6.jpg)
________ or the _____and usually have __________ equivalents in Russian (Attic salt -_______ ______, the three sisters -___________, the Prince of Darkness -______________).
Others are _________________and are either ____________or ____________in translation:
John Bull —________, the three R's —__________________________, the Iron Duke -_______________________.
Слайд 8Handling stylistically-marked language units
A ____________of paraphrases are the names of_________, _________and other
![Handling stylistically-marked language units A ____________of paraphrases are the names of_________, _________and](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-7.jpg)
__________or ______________entities:
the Land of Cakes (_________), the Badger State (____________), the Empire City (____________).
As a rule, such paraphrases are not known to the ____________and they are __________by official names in the translation.
Слайд 9Handling stylistically-marked language units
Complicated __________________are caused by ST containing ____________ language units
![Handling stylistically-marked language units Complicated __________________are caused by ST containing ____________ language](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-8.jpg)
used to produce a_______ ________________.
The ST author may ___________his character's speech by means of _______ or _________________forms.
SL ____________________cannot be ______________in TT, nor can they be ___________by TL _________ forms.
Слайд 10Handling stylistically-marked language units
It would be _______________if a black American or a
![Handling stylistically-marked language units It would be _______________if a black American or](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-9.jpg)
________________spoke in the _________translation in the dialect, say, of the ___________________________ or western part of__________________.
Fortunately, the ___________________forms are mostly an _____________of the speaker's ______________or__________________, and they can be rendered into Russian by a _________employment of_____________, e.g.:
Слайд 11Handling stylistically-marked language units
He do look quiet, don't 'e? D'e know 'oo
![Handling stylistically-marked language units He do look quiet, don't 'e? D'e know](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-10.jpg)
'e is, Sir?
______________________________
_____________________________
Слайд 12Handling Stylistic Devices
Causes:
Different words may acquire ________________ lexical meanings which are
![Handling Stylistic Devices Causes: Different words may acquire ________________ lexical meanings which](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-11.jpg)
___________in the dictionaries in a certain _________(_________ meanings).
Transferred meaning _____________the ________________between the two types of __________________: dictionary and contextual.
Слайд 13Causes:
Stylistic devices are necessary when the ______________ from the __________________________is carried
![Causes: Stylistic devices are necessary when the ______________ from the __________________________is carried](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-12.jpg)
to a degree which causes an _______________________in the recognized _____________ (dictionary) meanings.
Слайд 14Causes:
One and the same _______________ may be used with________________, perform different
![Causes: One and the same _______________ may be used with________________, perform different](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-13.jpg)
_______________and have different meanings in the __________ system of any language.
Слайд 15Causes:
Stylistic devices in different languages are the________________ , but they _______________differently
![Causes: Stylistic devices in different languages are the________________ , but they _______________differently](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-14.jpg)
in languages.
This is the _________of stylistic transformations.
Слайд 16STYLISTIC devices
Stylistic Devices:
Metaphor: - Prolonged metaphor;
Metonymy: - Synecdoche;
- Metonymic epithet;
Antonomasia;
Alliteration.
![STYLISTIC devices Stylistic Devices: Metaphor: - Prolonged metaphor; Metonymy: - Synecdoche; - Metonymic epithet; Antonomasia; Alliteration.](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-15.jpg)
Слайд 17STYLISTIC METHODS OF TRANSLATION
One should take into account that while translating there
![STYLISTIC METHODS OF TRANSLATION One should take into account that while translating](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-16.jpg)
is_____________, partial ______________and __________________ of rendering_________________________.
Слайд 18Alliteration
Alliteration- is the ___________of the _______________________in two or more words.
It can
![Alliteration Alliteration- is the ___________of the _______________________in two or more words. It](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-17.jpg)
be used for_________, logical _______________between the components.
e.g. Nothing befalls him that he can not transmute into a stanza, song or story.
___________________________________ ___________________________________.
Слайд 19Alliteration (functions)
The author may use alliteration for the following purposes:
To _________________and _________________________
(Peter
![Alliteration (functions) The author may use alliteration for the following purposes: To](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-18.jpg)
Piper Picked a Peck of Pickled Peppers.
_________________________ ___________________________);
Слайд 20Alliteration
to establish ____________________ between the components
(cold comfort –_______________; cold conditions –_______________);
to
![Alliteration to establish ____________________ between the components (cold comfort –_______________; cold conditions](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-19.jpg)
attract________________________
(Britain’s Biggest Bazaar –______________________________
_____________________________).
Слайд 21Alliteration
Very often it is not necessary to ____________________________ while translating:
e.g. Rolls on
![Alliteration Very often it is not necessary to ____________________________ while translating: e.g.](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-20.jpg)
the Rock –______________ _________________;
Слайд 22STYLISTIC METHODS OF TRANSLATION
- Alliteration is often _______________ when used in
![STYLISTIC METHODS OF TRANSLATION - Alliteration is often _______________ when used in](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-21.jpg)
________________and ________________style, where the ______________function is the primary one:
E.g. Bar Barbarism in Bars –
________________________________.
Слайд 23Alliteration
Alliteration should be ______________when possible if the _________function is more important than
![Alliteration Alliteration should be ______________when possible if the _________function is more important](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-22.jpg)
the _______________one:
E.g. The word Papa gives the pretty form to the lips: potatoes, poultry, prunes and prisms, and all very good for the lips.
_________________________________ ____________________________________ __________________________________.
Слайд 24Metaphor
Metaphor is a stylistic device which consists in the ______________in a ___________________________
![Metaphor Metaphor is a stylistic device which consists in the ______________in a](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-23.jpg)
meaning based on the _________or ____________and is used in all __________styles.
e.g. hot money-__________________.
It is important to ___________________ when dealing with___________________.
Слайд 25Ways of rendering metaphor
In case it is impossible to___________, the metaphor should
![Ways of rendering metaphor In case it is impossible to___________, the metaphor](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-24.jpg)
be then ____________or ________________ another ________________device.
Слайд 26Problems of conveying metaphors:
the difference in ___________________ related to some____________________.
e.g. black sheep-_________________,
![Problems of conveying metaphors: the difference in ___________________ related to some____________________. e.g.](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-25.jpg)
black frost-___________________
the metaphors those ______________ in the national______________
e.g. красна девица-_______________,
добрый молодец-____________
Слайд 27Problems of conveying metaphors
the metaphoric ______________which have the same _______for the both
![Problems of conveying metaphors the metaphoric ______________which have the same _______for the](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-26.jpg)
SL and TL but are___________________.
e.g. Bавилонское столпотворение- ____________________________
Дары данайцев-________________
Слайд 28Problems of conveying metaphors
Any _________in the metaphor can lead to ____________of the
![Problems of conveying metaphors Any _________in the metaphor can lead to ____________of](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-27.jpg)
whole phrase
e.g. SPARKLER- Light up your life!
______________________ ______________________!
Слайд 29Problems of conveying metaphors
the metaphor in the process of translation can be
![Problems of conveying metaphors the metaphor in the process of translation can](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-28.jpg)
______________ metaphoric_________,________, etc.
e.g. a beast of a car-______________
an angel of a girl- ________________ ______________________________
Слайд 30Problems of conveying metaphors and simile
Metaphors and similes are _________ figures of
![Problems of conveying metaphors and simile Metaphors and similes are _________ figures](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-29.jpg)
speech.
Both metaphor and simile are ______that describe a _____________: the only difference between a metaphor and a simile is that a ________makes the _________ ______by using “_______" or “_____":
You are my sunshine (________) – Your eyes are like the sun (________).
Слайд 31Problems of conveying metaphors and simile
Ways of rendering metaphors and similes:
- by
![Problems of conveying metaphors and simile Ways of rendering metaphors and similes:](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-30.jpg)
choosing ____________________ where the _______is preserved:
E.g. white as a sheet –________________________.
by finding _________________when the _______ of the SL phrase is ____________________ the different one:
E.g. old as the hills –__________________.
Слайд 32Problems of conveying metaphors and simile
by means of ___________________:
E.g. As busy as
![Problems of conveying metaphors and simile by means of ___________________: E.g. As](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-31.jpg)
a bee –____________.
by means of _________________of translation:
E.g. As large as life – ______________
Слайд 33Problems of conveying metonymy
Metonymy- is ___________________of a ____________of one ___________ to another______________.
![Problems of conveying metonymy Metonymy- is ___________________of a ____________of one ___________ to](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-32.jpg)
Metonymic ________________ of name is based upon the _____________________ of two objects.
Слайд 34Problems of conveying metonymy
e.g. Two men entered the room. The red was
![Problems of conveying metonymy e.g. Two men entered the room. The red](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-33.jpg)
smiling, the black was upset.
_________________________ _________________________ _________________________.
Слайд 35Problems of conveying metonymy
This example contains the _____________ ____________is quite simple to
![Problems of conveying metonymy This example contains the _____________ ____________is quite simple](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-34.jpg)
translate since the ________and ___________expressions are the ______in the SL and TL.
Metonymy may be __________________with metaphor.
Both _________involve the _____________of one term for another.
Слайд 36Problems of conveying metonymy
While in ________this substitution is based on___________, in ___________the
![Problems of conveying metonymy While in ________this substitution is based on___________, in](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-35.jpg)
substitution is based on_______________.
___________example: The ship plowed through the sea (plowed instead of navigated).
___________example: The sails crossed the ocean (sails instead of ship with sails).
Слайд 37Problems of conveying metonymy
The most difficult to render are ______________based on the
![Problems of conveying metonymy The most difficult to render are ______________based on](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-36.jpg)
____________between:
- the object and its ________ (_____________ epithet);
- the ________and its part (___________);
- the ___________ and ___________ names (___________________).
Слайд 38Ways of rendering metonymy
by means of ___________________of the _________name
(in case the
![Ways of rendering metonymy by means of ___________________of the _________name (in case](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-37.jpg)
_________metonymic word has _______________ nor _________ in the TL and is not known to the ______________ due to ______________ cultural traditions):
Слайд 39Ways of rendering metonymy
The _____________both in the means of __________________and the _______
![Ways of rendering metonymy The _____________both in the means of __________________and the](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-38.jpg)
to which it has ___________ in the SL and TL.
Different ______________________ of _______________expressions.
e.g. To buy some Kellog’s-
___________________________.
Слайд 40Ways of rendering metonymy
by means of _______________ transformations
(in case ____________________of the
![Ways of rendering metonymy by means of _______________ transformations (in case ____________________of](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-39.jpg)
two languages are_________, and the __________ cannot be ________ equivalently in terms of_______________):
structural transformations and __________________ in the grammatical________
Слайд 41Ways of rendering metonymy
e.g. Very soon after words there was a concerned
![Ways of rendering metonymy e.g. Very soon after words there was a](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-40.jpg)
official’s face staring at me through the jagged hole in the glass of the kitchen door.
___________________________________ ___________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________.
Слайд 42Ways of rendering metonymy
by means of________________________
(in case the ____________________ of the
![Ways of rendering metonymy by means of________________________ (in case the ____________________ of](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-41.jpg)
metonymy is different in the ___________ and_____________________________):
______________________ transformations when the ____________________ of the ______________ expression do not _______________ in SL and TL
Слайд 43Ways of rendering metonymy
e.g. These wheels will drive you at your pleasure.
__________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________.
![Ways of rendering metonymy e.g. These wheels will drive you at your pleasure. __________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________.](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-42.jpg)
Слайд 44Ways of rendering metonymy
by choosing _______________ ________________________(in case there is a _____________
![Ways of rendering metonymy by choosing _______________ ________________________(in case there is a](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-43.jpg)
_______________between the ___________traditions of expressing individual __________of a certain object in the __________and target_____________):
Слайд 45Ways of rendering metonymy
_______________________________ due to __________ correspondence both in __________ and
![Ways of rendering metonymy _______________________________ due to __________ correspondence both in __________](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-44.jpg)
in ___________properties of the metonymic expressions
e.g. I am revolt of the stupidity of a country police.
________________________________
_________________________________.
Слайд 46Ways of rendering metonymy
by means of ________________ of the ____________ for metonymic
![Ways of rendering metonymy by means of ________________ of the ____________ for](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-45.jpg)
transference
(in case the metonymic _____________ used in the SL does not ______________ in the TL in a_____________________):
Слайд 47Ways of rendering metonymy
E.g. The guards now change at Buckingham Palace to
![Ways of rendering metonymy E.g. The guards now change at Buckingham Palace](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-46.jpg)
a Lennon and McCartney .
____________________________
____________________________
____________________________.
Слайд 48Ways of rendering synecdoche
Synecdoche- this ____________________ is realized in ________variants.
The ___________is
![Ways of rendering synecdoche Synecdoche- this ____________________ is realized in ________variants. The](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-47.jpg)
naming the ____________ by mentioning ________of it.
e.g. Caroling lives with Jack under the same roof.
____________________________________
____________________________________.
Слайд 49Ways of rendering synecdoche
The second is using the name of the ____________________to
![Ways of rendering synecdoche The second is using the name of the](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-48.jpg)
denote a __________________of this object.
e.g. The hall applauded.
________________________.
Слайд 50Problems of conveying synecdoche
The means of it expression may often be_______________________________.
Sometimes it
![Problems of conveying synecdoche The means of it expression may often be_______________________________.](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-49.jpg)
requires the ___________________ of the stylistic device
e.g. These wheels will drive you at your pleasure. “These wheels” ___________this car.
We cannot say “_______ ” because it will not correspond to________________________.
Слайд 51Problems of conveying synecdoche
“________________________
_________________________
________________________”.
![Problems of conveying synecdoche “________________________ _________________________ ________________________”.](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-50.jpg)
Слайд 52Problems of conveying epithet
Metonymic ______________- on basis of _____________between the _________and of
![Problems of conveying epithet Metonymic ______________- on basis of _____________between the _________and](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-51.jpg)
its ____________ or___________.
e.g.____________________________
______________________________. –
A girl in her full denim outfit nearly fell into the office.
The only way of translation is ______________the _________into the________, but at the same time part of SL _____________________information is lost.
Слайд 53Problems of conveying antonomasia
Antonomasia- is based upon the principle of _______________ of
![Problems of conveying antonomasia Antonomasia- is based upon the principle of _______________](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-52.jpg)
______________with things which ________________them.
e.g. John is a real Romeo.
________________________.
Слайд 54Problems of conveying antonomasia
____________________________.
While translating ________the translator has to reconstruct the
![Problems of conveying antonomasia ____________________________. While translating ________the translator has to reconstruct](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-53.jpg)
________for the metonymic ___________ because the antonomasia is not ____________in Russian.
e.g. “Old Blue Eyes” for_____________.
“The King” for________________.
Слайд 55Ways of conveying stylistic devices
There are ______________ways of conveying stylistic devices:
If it
![Ways of conveying stylistic devices There are ______________ways of conveying stylistic devices:](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/380663/slide-54.jpg)
is possible, ___________them;
Stylistic devices can be ______________ other______________;
Stylistic ________________(when it is impossible to _______________device in the text).