System of government of Lebanon

PROJECT PLAN
1) Introduction
2) Lebanon Government
3) Head of State
4) legislative Power
5) Judicial power

1) INTRODUCTION:
Lebanon is located in the western part of Asia, bordered by Syria to the east and north, Palestine to the south, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. Lebanon has a population of around four million people, and an area of 10,452 sq. km, and hence counts among the smallest countries in the region. Beirut, the capital city of Lebanon, contains approximately half of the Lebanese population and is located towards the middle of Lebanon’s 220 km coast. Despite its small size, Lebanon has figured prominently on the world stage for a diversity of reasons, not all of which are good. Lebanon has and has had immense cultural influence on its Arab entourage, as the Lebanese society is considered to be one of the most liberal in the region with its strong western ties, particularly with its former colonial ruler, France.

Lebanon is known to be a republic government in which the power of government is held by the Lebanese citizens. Lebanon is a parliamentary republic within the overall framework of confessionalism, a form of consocialionalism in which the highest office are proportionately reserved for representatives from certain religious communities.
The constitution of Lebanon grants the people the right to change their government.
Article 7 of Lebanon constitution also states that all Lebanese are equal and equally bound by public obligations and duties.

2) LEBANON GOVERNMENT
Functions:
Setting the general policy of the state in all fields, drafting laws and decrees, and taking the necessary decisions to implement them.
Ensure the implementation of laws and regulations and supervise the work of all civil, military and security departments and institutions of the state.
Appointing and dismissing state employees and accepting their resignation in accordance with the law.
In certain constitutional cases, the House of Representatives has the right to dissolve

The president of the Lebanese Republic is the head of state of Lebanon. The president is elected by the parliament for a term of six years, which is not immediately renewable. By convention, the president is always a Maronite Christian who is at least 21 years old.
Michel Aoun (born September 30, 1935, Lebanon), commander of the Lebanese Army (1984–88) who was appointed prime minister in 1988 and later served as president (2016– ).

3) HEAD OF STATE
Lebanon's national legislature is called the Assembly of Representatives (Majlis al-Nuwab in Arabic). Since the elections of 1992 (the first since the reforms of the Taif Agreement of 1989 removed the built-in majority previously enjoyed by Christians and distributed the seats equally between Christians and Muslims), the Parliament has had 128 seats. The term was four years, but has recently been extended to five.
Seats in the Parliament are confessionally distributed but elected by universal suffrage. Each religious community has an allotted number of seats in the Parliament. They do not represent only their co-religionists, however; all candidates in a particular constituency, regardless of religious affiliation, must receive a plurality of the total vote, which includes followers of all confessions. The system was designed to minimize inter-sectarian competition and maximize cross-confessional cooperation: candidates are opposed only by co-religionists, but must seek support from outside of their own faith in order to be elected.

4) LEGISLATIVE POWER
Function :
According to the Lebanese constitution, it is the House of Representatives that assumes the unity of legislative power. The constitution states in article 32 that the council meets every year in two contracts, the first of which starts on the Tuesday after March 15, and continues until the end of May, while the second contract starts on the Tuesday after October 15, provided that the sessions of this contract are allocated to the consideration and vote on the budget before any other work, and the second contract will continue to be held until the end of the year.

The Lebanese judiciary is one of the three authorities that govern Lebanon and has an independent entity that is subject only to the law. Article 20 of the Lebanese Constitution recognises that judicial courts must be established by stating: "The judicial authority shall be vested by courts of all degrees and jurisdiction within a system provided for by law under which judges and litigants are preserved the necessary guarantees. The conditions and limits of judicial security are set by law. The judges are independent in carrying out their job, and decisions and judgements are issued by all courts and executed in the name of the Lebanese people."

5) JUDICAL POWER
The judicial system consists of papal courts, which in turn are divided into criminal and civil chambers. These courts are organised in rooms each with three judges. Judgements of the courts of first instance can be appealed to the courts of appeal, which have different and original jurisdictions over fairies.Lebanon has six exploration courts, each governorate has a court. These courts are headed by the Chief Justice and has supervisory and administrative duties. They also have a prosecution service headed by a prosecutor.